3081 讨论犹大卖主和饼杯之礼 -耶稣(33) (旋风著)

    首先我们看到加略人犹大只是为了三十块钱卖主,而且是用亲蜜的动作亲嘴而卖主,世人眼中看长子的名份实在不值钱。主已知道犹大将会卖祂,仍然祷告说愿神的旨意成全,我们也看到了犹大的结局及一个预言的成就。第二,我们指出以前讨论过预备逾越节筵席的预言及成就,也借著它们讨论了为什么需要回顾,才能了解神当时是怎么作工。第三,我们讨论了主在逾越节的筵席中亲自设立了饼杯之礼,我们看其意义和规矩。在经文中,我们也看到了真要能要有先不受审的分辩,这不只是在饼杯之礼时如此,在平时也该这样。要知道,我们遭遇苦难有时是被主惩治,绝不要去自讨苦吃。最后在第四中,我们指出在何处已讨论过门徒争论谁为大,请到那里去看详细的这话题和相关经文的讨论。

1. 加略人犹大卖主的时间,过程,及结局      

    犹大起意卖主的时间在这经文中写得很清楚: 『除酵节又名逾越节近了。祭司长和文士想法子怎么才能杀害耶稣,是因他们惧怕百姓。这时,撒但入了那称为加略人犹大的心,他本是十二门徒里的一个。他去和祭司长并守殿官商量,怎么可以把耶稣交给他们。他们欢喜,就约定给他银子。他应允了,就找机会,要趁众人不在跟前的时候把耶稣交给他们。』(路加福音 22:1-6) 所以经文会说,『他(犹大)本来列在我们数中,并且在使徒的职任上得了一分。』(使徒行传 1:17) 他自己放弃了这职任,所以『诗篇上写著说:『愿别人得他的职分。』』(使徒行传 1:20)       

    祂在犹大的眼中到底值多少钱呢?『当下,十二门徒里有一个称为加略人犹大的,去见祭司长,说:「我把他交给你们,你们愿意给我多少钱?」他们就给了他三十块钱。从那时候,他就找机会要把耶稣交给他们。』(马太福音 26:14-16)     

    耶稣是长子,就像这经文所说,『因为他预先所知道的人,就预先定下效法(模成, be conformed to)他儿子的模样(形像, image),使他儿子在许多弟兄中作长子。』(罗马书 8:29) 而世人眼中的长子名份实在很便宜,就像旧约中一个情况所说的,『有一天,雅各熬汤,以扫从田野回来累昏了。以扫对雅各说:「我累昏了,求你把这红汤给我喝。」因此以扫又叫以东。雅各说:「你今日把长子的名分卖给我吧!」以扫说:「我将要死,这长子的名分于我有甚么益处呢?」雅各说:「你今日对我起誓吧!」以扫就对他起了誓,把长子的名分卖给雅各。于是雅各将饼和红豆汤给了以扫,以扫吃了喝了,便起来走了。 这就是以扫轻看了他长子的名分。』(创世记 25:29-34) 在这个情况中长子的名份只值一碗红豆汤和饼,因此希伯来书会说,『有贪恋世俗如以扫的,他因一点食物把自己长子的名分卖了。』后来想要承受父所祝的福,竟被弃绝,虽然号哭切求,却得不著门路使他父亲的心意回转。这是你们知道的。』(希伯来书 12:16-17)    

    这祝福是指天父的祝福经过人间的父亲降下来的,以撒知道这点很清楚,因为『以撒就大大地战兢说:「你未来之先,是谁得了野味拿来给我呢?我已经吃了,为他祝福,他将来也必蒙福。」以扫听了他父亲的话,就放声痛哭说:「我父啊,求你也为我祝福!」以撒说:「你兄弟已经用诡计来将你的福分夺去了。」』(创世记 27:33-35) 如果不是神要这样做,难道凭人的一些话就可以改变神的旨意吗?神原先的旨意本是如此,借著人的行为成就了,『耶和华对她(利百加)说:「两国在你腹内,两族要从你身上出来;这族必强于那族,将来大的要服事小的。」』(创世记 25:23) 这件事显示了神的预知和预定,这本是一体的两面,所以罗马书会说,『因为他预先所知道的人,就预先定下效法(模成)他儿子的模样(形像),使他儿子在许多弟兄中作长子。』(罗马书 8:29)    

    关于耶稣预知犹大会卖祂这点,我们以前在『2030 最后的晚餐 (3) – 逻辑,洗脚,预知,及争论』中的『3. 预知犹大卖主』谈过,就不多说了,有兴趣知道详情的人,可以到那边去看看。在这里我们只提一节经文,『卖耶稣的犹大问他说:「拉比,是我吗?」 耶稣说:「你说的是。」』(马太福音 26:25) 即使耶稣已知道这点,在客西马尼园仍这样祷告: 『他说:「阿爸,父啊!在你凡事都能,求你将这杯撤去;然而,不要从我的意思,只要从你的意思。」』(马可福音 14:36) 做为一个完全的人,这是多么不容易啊!但祂知道要完成救恩,祂必须流血付上钉十字架死的代价,所以祂说『只要从你的意思』。我们再看看犹大是如何卖主的『犹大随即到耶稣跟前说:「请拉比安。」就与他亲嘴。』(马太福音 26:49) 亲嘴本是和他人亲密的动作,犹大却用它来卖主!     

    我们看看加略人犹大的结局,『这时候,卖耶稣的犹大看见耶稣已经定了罪,就后悔,把那三十块钱拿回来给祭司长和长老,说:「我卖了无辜之人的血是有罪了。」 他们说:「那与我们有甚么相干?你自己承当吧!」犹大就把那银钱丢在殿里,出去吊死了。』(马太福音 27:3-5) 自杀本不是一个基督徒应该做的事情,虽然犹大跟随了耶稣多年,他不是一个真正的基督徒,他最后卖主,虽后悔,但和彼得完全不同,他选择了不该做的事。      #####在这里我们看到了一个预言的应验,就是 『祭司长拾起银钱来说:「这是血价,不可放在库里。」他们商议,就用那银钱买了窰户的一块田,为要埋葬外乡人。所以那块田直到今日还叫作「血田」。这就应了先知耶利米的话,说:「他们用那三十块钱,就是被估定之人的价钱,是以色列人中所估定的,买了窰户的一块田;这是照著主所吩咐我的。」』(马太福音 27:6-10)    

    从上面的经文我们知道是祭司长他们帮他买的一块田,我们不知道为什么他在吊死后会落得肚腹崩裂,下面的经文是如此的记载著。『他本来列在我们数中,并且在使徒的职任上得了一分。「这人用他作恶的工价买了一块田,以后身子仆倒,肚腹崩裂,肠子都流出来。住在耶路撒冷的众人都知道这事,所以按著他们那里的话给那块田起名叫亚革大马,就是血田的意思。』(使徒行传 1:17-19)  难怪耶稣会说,『人子必要去世,正如经上指著他所写的,但卖人子的人有祸了,那人不生在世上倒好!』(马太福音 26:24)  最后我们知道他吊死而肚腹崩裂是因为圣经如此说,从人的角度看,这也是绝对可能的!譬如说,他选择吊死的地点是在野外,而吊死的绳子最后不能承受重量而断了,所以身子仆倒,以后有野兽经过,使他肚腹崩裂,肠子都流出来。

2. 预备逾越节筵席的预言及成就       

    『除酵节,须宰逾越羊羔的那一天到了。耶稣打发彼得、约翰,说:「你们去为我们预备逾越节的筵席,好叫我们吃。」他们问他说:「要我们在哪里预备?」耶稣说:「你们进了城,必有人拿著一瓶水迎面而来,你们就跟著他,到他所进的房子里去,对那家的主人说:『夫子说:客房在哪里?我与门徒好在那里吃逾越节的筵席。』他必指给你们摆设整齐的一间大楼,你们就在那里预备。」他们去了,所遇见的正如耶稣所说的。他们就预备了逾越节的筵席。』(路加福音 22:7-13)     

    我们看到这预言当天就成就了,通常预言在圣经没有说到预言成就的时间,只有少数的例外。成就的时间有如这样很短的,也有长时间才应验的。我们以前在『2075 耶稣骑驴驹进耶路撒冷,和洁净圣殿耶稣(28)』,讨论过这点,并借著相关的经文,讨论了为什么我们常常需要回顾,才能了解神当时是怎么作工的。譬如说,圣经说,『神能照著运行在我们心里的大力,充充足足地成就一切,超过我们所求所想的。』(以弗所书 3:20) 有人想解释这经节,就用现在的例子说明是超过我们所求所想的事,这是不合逻辑的。既然可举出一个现在的例子,那例子不是可想的吗?所以我们以前在『2048 耶稣的权柄和超过所求所想的事  – 耶稣的形像(3)』中讨论什么叫做超过所想的事情,都是用过去发生过的例子,在当时是超过那时的人所想的事情。我们非回顾不可,在这里就不多说了。

3. 逾越节的筵席中设立饼杯之礼    

    『时候到了,耶稣坐席,使徒也和他同坐。耶稣对他们说:「我很愿意在受害以先和你们吃这逾越节的筵席。我告诉你们:我不再吃这筵席,直到成就在神的国里。」耶稣接过杯来,祝谢了,说:「你们拿这个,大家分著喝。我告诉你们,从今以后,我不再喝这葡萄汁,直等神的国来到。」又拿起饼来,祝谢了,就擘开,递给他们,说:「这是我的身体,为你们舍的,你们也应当如此行,为的是记念我。」饭后也照样拿起杯来,说:「这杯是用我血所立的新约,是为你们流出来的。看哪,那卖我之人的手与我一同在桌子上。人子固然要照所预定的去世,但卖人子的人有祸了!」他们就彼此对问,是哪一个要做这事。』(路加福音 22:14-23)     

    当然现在我们确实的知道是犹大卖主,在先前已讨论过这点。在这里,经文是说开饭前先分杯,并告诉他们祂不再喝这葡葡汁,直等神的国来到。神的国来到应该是在祂复活升天后,所以会有后来五旬节圣灵的充满。然后有擘饼,饭后有立约的杯。     

    类似的经文在马太福音 26:26-29 和马可福音 14:22-25 也有。所以饼杯之礼是主亲自设立的,我们也可从下面经文看到这点,并其意义和规矩。『我当日传给你们的,原是从主领受的,就是主耶稣被卖的那一夜,拿起饼来,祝谢了,就擘开,说:「这是我的身体,为你们舍的。你们应当如此行,为的是记念我。」饭后,也照样拿起杯来,说:「这杯是用我的血所立的新约。你们每逢喝的时候,要如此行,为的是记念我。」你们每逢吃这饼,喝这杯,是表明主的死,直等到他来。所以,无论何人不按理吃主的饼、喝主的杯,就是干犯主的身、主的血了。人应当自己省察,然后吃这饼、喝这杯。因此,在你们中间有好些软弱的与患病的,死的也不少。我们若是先分辩自己,就不至于受审。我们受审的时候,乃是被主惩治,免得我们和世人一同定罪。所以我弟兄们,你们聚会吃的时候,要彼此等待。若有人饥饿,可以在家里先吃,免得你们聚会,自己取罪。(哥林多前书 11:23-34)     

    耶稣说,『我就是生命的粮。吃我肉喝我血的人就有永生,在末日我要叫他复活。我的肉真是可吃的,我的血真是可喝的。』(约翰福音 6:48-55) 我们再看看希伯来书怎么说?『看你们学习的工夫,本该作师傅,谁知还得有人将神圣言小学的开端另教导你们,并且成了那必须吃奶、不能吃干粮的人!』(希伯来书 5:12) 我们看到了这粮是指神的圣言。    

    『按著律法,凡物差不多都是用血洁净的,若不流血,罪就不得赦免了。照著天上样式做的物件,必须用这些祭物去洁净;但那天上的本物自然当用更美的祭物去洁净。』(希伯来书 9:22-23) 『神设立耶稣作挽回祭,是凭著耶稣的血,借著人的信,要显明神的义。(罗马书 3:25) 从信开始,能够这样做有效是凭著耶稣的血。在物质的世界,我们看到了,『耶稣大声喊叫,气就断了。殿里的幔子从上到下裂为两半。』(马可福音 15:37-38)  在灵界也是如此,『弟兄们,我们既因耶稣的血,得以坦然进入至圣所,是借著他给我们开了一条又新又活的路,从幔子经过,这幔子就是他的身体。』(希伯来书 10:19-20) 我们都要走那一条又有新又活的路,是我们所不知道的。这和旧约时相似,『(约书亚)吩咐百姓说:「你们看见耶和华你们神的约柜,又见祭司利未人抬著,就要离开所住的地方,跟著约柜去。只是你们和约柜相离,要量二千肘,不可与约柜相近,使你们知道所当走的路,因为这条路你们向来没有走过。」』(约书亚记 3:3-4)  新旧约都是同一位神,是一样的原则显明了神的义。     

    所以在聚会吃的时候,我们要彼此等待,一起开动,而且我们真要能有不受审的分辩,这不只是在饼杯之礼时如此,在平时也该这样。要知道就像经文所说,我们遭遇苦难有时是被主惩治,旧约也是这样说。举个例子,大卫在赫人乌利亚和他的的妻子拔示巴的事件中,『大卫对拿单说:「我得罪耶和华了!」拿单说:「耶和华已经除掉你的罪,你必不至于死。只是你行这事,叫耶和华的仇敌大得亵渎的机会,故此,你所得的孩子必定要死。」』(撒母耳记下 12:13-14) 当然,还有其他的惩罚,『耶和华如此说:『我必从你家中兴起祸患攻击你,我必在你眼前把你的妃嫔赐给别人,他在日光之下就与她们同寝。你在暗中行这事,我却要在以色列众人面前、日光之下报应你。』』(撒母耳记下 12:11-12)     

    我们绝对不要去自讨苦吃,我们会遭遇因试探而来的苦难已经是够多了。有些苦难是神允许的,为要祝福人,如约伯记中的约伯般。以前我试过要分办苦难是由撒但来的,或是神允许的,或是因为神直接的惩治。现在发觉,对苦难中的人,这其实没有多大的用处,因对苦难中的人还是要亲自经过苦难的。我们只要知道,神不允许,没有事情会发生的。我们能够做的是,『你们要将一切的忧虑卸给神,因为他顾念你们。务要谨守、警醒,因为你们的仇敌魔鬼,如同吼叫的狮子,遍地游行,寻找可吞吃的人。你们要用坚固的信心抵挡他,因为知道你们在世上的众弟兄也是经历这样的苦难。那赐诸般恩典的神曾在基督里召你们,得享他永远的荣耀,等你们暂受苦难之后,必要亲自成全你们,坚固你们,赐力量给你们。』(彼得前书 5:7-10) 我们看到撒但从没有停止工作过,但『你们所遇见的试探,无非是人所能受的。神是信实的,必不叫你们受试探过于所能受的。在受试探的时候,总要给你们开一条出路,叫你们能忍受得住。』(哥林多前书 10:13) 所以我们受苦难是暂时的,主会借著别人,或亲自会成全我们的。后者就如约伯记中所记的,『那时,耶和华从旋风中回答约伯(约伯记 38:1)

4. 门徒争论谁为大   

    『门徒起了争论,他们中间哪一个可算为大。耶稣说:「外邦人有君王为主治理他们,那掌权管他们的称为恩主。但你们不可这样。你们里头为大的,倒要像年幼的;为首领的,倒要像服事人的。是谁为大?是坐席的呢?是服事人的呢?不是坐席的大吗?然而,我在你们中间如同服事人的。我在磨炼之中,常和我同在的就是你们。我将国赐给你们,正如我父赐给我一样,叫你们在我国里,坐在我的席上吃喝,并且坐在宝座上,审判以色列十二个支派。」』(路加福音 22:24-30)    

    所以属世和属灵原则是完全不同的,属世的领袖是高高在上,而属灵则是会去服事人。那时加略人犹大仍在那十二中人坐席,只是他选择了卖主,放弃了自己的职分,其他十一人是主亲自选的。所以神虽然有恩典和有仁慈拣选了我们,我能是不要如犹大般放弃的。在使徒行传说的马提亚是摇籖出来的 (参使徒行传 1:23-26),不是主亲自选的。主在复活后亲自在大光中拣选的是保罗 (参使徒行传 22:6-11),所以主亲自拣选的使徒还是十二位。我们在『2031 最后的晚餐 (4) – 争论,新命令,预知彼得的事,及买刀』的「争论」中详细的讨论了、路加福音的这话题和相关的经文,这里就不多说了。

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2081 討論猶大賣主和餅杯之禮 -耶穌(33) (旋風著)

       首先我們看到加略人猶大只是為了三十塊錢賣主,而且是用親蜜的動作親嘴而賣主,世人眼中看長子的名份實在不值錢。主已知道猶大將會賣祂,仍然禱告說願神的旨意成全,我們也看到了猶大的結局及一個預言的成就。第二,我們指出以前討論過預備逾越節筵席的預言及成就,也藉著它們討論了為什麼需要回顧,才能瞭解神當時是怎麼作工。第三,我們討論了主在逾越節的筵席中親自設立了餅杯之禮,我們看其意義和規矩。在經文中,我們也看到了真要能要有先不受審的分辨,這不只是在餅杯之禮時如此,在平時也該這樣。要知道,我們遭遇苦難有時是被主懲治,絕不要去自討苦吃。最後在第四中,我們指出在何處已討論過門徒爭論誰為大,請到那裏去看詳細的這話題和相關經文的討論。

1. 加略人猶大賣主的時間,過程,及結局

      猶大起意賣主的時間在這經文中寫得很清楚: 『除酵節又名逾越節近了。祭司長和文士想法子怎麼才能殺害耶穌,是因他們懼怕百姓。這時,撒但入了那稱為加略人猶大的心,他本是十二門徒裏的一個。他去和祭司長並守殿官商量,怎麼可以把耶穌交給他們。他們歡喜,就約定給他銀子。他應允了,就找機會,要趁眾人不在跟前的時候把耶穌交給他們。』(路加福音 22:1-6) 所以經文會說,『(猶大)本來列在我們數中,並且在使徒的職任上得了一分。』(使徒行傳 1:17) 他自己放棄了這職任,所以『詩篇上寫着說:『願別人得他的職分。』』(使徒行傳 1:20)

       祂在猶大的眼中到底值多少錢呢?『當下,十二門徒裏有一個稱為加略人猶大的,去見祭司長,說:「我把他交給你們,你們願意給我多少錢?」他們就給了他三十塊錢。從那時候,他就找機會要把耶穌交給他們。』(馬太福音 26:14-16)

     耶穌是長子,就像這經文所說,『因為他預先所知道的人,就預先定下效法(模成, be conformed to)他兒子的模樣(形像, image),使他兒子在許多弟兄中作長子。(羅馬書 8:29) 世人眼中的長子名份實在很便宜,就像舊約中一個情況所說的,『有一天,雅各熬湯,以掃從田野回來累昏了。以掃對雅各說:「我累昏了,求你把這紅湯給我喝。」因此以掃又叫以東。雅各說:「你今日把長子的名分賣給我吧!」以掃說:「我將要死,這長子的名分於我有甚麼益處呢?」雅各說:「你今日對我起誓吧!」以掃就對他起了誓,把長子的名分賣給雅各。於是雅各將餅和紅豆湯給了以掃,以掃吃了喝了,便起來走了。 這就是以掃輕看了他長子的名分。』(創世記 25:29-34) 在這個情況中長子的名份只值一碗紅豆湯和餅,因此希伯來書會說,『…有貪戀世俗如以掃的,他因一點食物把自己長子的名分賣了。』後來想要承受父所祝的福,竟被棄絕,雖然號哭切求,卻得不着門路使他父親的心意回轉。這是你們知道的。』(希伯來書 12:16-17)

    這祝福是指天父的祝福經過人間的父親降下來的,以撒知道這點很清楚,因為『以撒就大大地戰兢說:「你未來之先,是誰得了野味拿來給我呢?我已經吃了,為他祝福,他將來也必蒙福。」以掃聽了他父親的話,就放聲痛哭說:「我父啊,求你也為我祝福!」以撒說:「你兄弟已經用詭計來將你的福分奪去了。」』(創世記 27:33-35) 如果不是神要這樣做,難道憑人的一些話就可以改變神的旨意嗎?神原先的旨意本是如此,藉著人的行為成就了,『耶和華對她(利百加)說:「兩國在你腹內,兩族要從你身上出來;這族必強於那族,將來大的要服事小的。」』(創世記 25:23) 這件事顯示了神的預知和預定,這本是一體的兩面,所以羅馬書會說,『因為他預先所知道的人,就預先定下效法(模成)他兒子的模樣(形像),使他兒子在許多弟兄中作長子。』(羅馬書 8:29)

    關於耶穌預知猶大會賣祂這點,我們以前在『2030 最後的晚餐 (3) – 邏輯,洗腳,預知,及爭論』中的『3. 預知猶大賣主』談過,就不多說了,有興趣知道詳情的人,可以到那邊去看看。在這裏我們只提一節經文,『賣耶穌的猶大問他說:「拉比,是我嗎?」 耶穌說:「你說的是。」』(馬太福音 26:25) 即使耶穌已知道這點,在客西馬尼園仍這樣禱告: 『他說:「阿爸,父啊!在你凡事都能,求你將這杯撤去;然而,不要從我的意思,只要從你的意思。」』(馬可福音 14:36) 做為一個完全的人,這是多麼不容易啊!但祂知道要完成救恩,祂必須流血付上釘十字架死的代價,所以祂說『只要從你的意思』。我們再看看猶大是如何賣主的:  『猶大隨即到耶穌跟前說:「請拉比安。」就與他親嘴。』(馬太福音 26:49) 親嘴本是和他人親密的動作,猶大卻用它來賣主!

     我們看看加略人猶大的結局,『這時候,賣耶穌的猶大看見耶穌已經定了罪,就後悔,把那三十塊錢拿回來給祭司長和長老,說:「我賣了無辜之人的血是有罪了。」 他們說:「那與我們有甚麼相干?你自己承當吧!」猶大就把那銀錢丟在殿裏,出去吊死了。』(馬太福音 27:3-5) 自殺本不是一個基督徒應該做的事情,雖然猶大跟隨了耶穌多年,他不是一個真正的基督徒,他最後賣主,雖後悔,但和彼得完全不同,他選擇了不該做的事。

     在這裏我們看到了一個預言的應驗,就是 『祭司長拾起銀錢來說:「這是血價,不可放在庫裏。」他們商議,就用那銀錢買了窰戶的一塊田,為要埋葬外鄉人。所以那塊田直到今日還叫作「血田」。這就應了先知耶利米的話,說:「他們用那三十塊錢,就是被估定之人的價錢,是以色列人中所估定的,買了窰戶的一塊田;這是照着主所吩咐我的。」』(馬太福音 27:6-10) 

    從上面的經文我們知道是祭司長他們幫他買的一塊田,我們不知道為什麼他在吊死後會落得肚腹崩裂,下面的經文是如此的記載著。『他本來列在我們數中,並且在使徒的職任上得了一分。「這人用他作惡的工價買了一塊田,以後身子仆倒,肚腹崩裂,腸子都流出來。住在耶路撒冷的眾人都知道這事,所以按着他們那裏的話給那塊田起名叫亞革大馬,就是血田的意思。』(使徒行傳 1:17-19)  難怪耶穌會說,『人子必要去世,正如經上指着他所寫的,但賣人子的人有禍了,那人不生在世上倒好!』(馬太福音 26:24)  最後我們知道他吊死而肚腹崩裂是因為聖經如此說,從人的角度看,這也是絕對可能的!譬如說,他選擇吊死的地點是在野外,而吊死的繩子最後不能承受重量而斷了,所以身子仆倒,以後有野獸經過,使他肚腹崩裂,腸子都流出來。

2. 預備逾越節筵席的預言及成就

       『除酵節,須宰逾越羊羔的那一天到了。耶穌打發彼得、約翰,說:「你們去為我們預備逾越節的筵席,好叫我們吃。」他們問他說:「要我們在哪裏預備?」耶穌說:「你們進了城,必有人拿着一瓶水迎面而來,你們就跟着他,到他所進的房子裏去,對那家的主人說:『夫子說:客房在哪裏?我與門徒好在那裏吃逾越節的筵席。』他必指給你們擺設整齊的一間大樓,你們就在那裏預備。」他們去了,所遇見的正如耶穌所說的。他們就預備了逾越節的筵席。』(路加福音 22:7-13)

      我們看到這預言當天就成就了,通常預言在聖經沒有說到預言成就的時間,只有少數的例外。成就的時間有如這樣很短的,也有長時間才應驗的。我們以前在『2075 耶穌騎驢駒進耶路撒冷,和潔淨聖殿 -耶穌(28)』,討論過這點,並藉著相關的經文,討論了為什麼我們常常需要回顧,才能瞭解神當時是怎麼作工的。譬如說,聖經說,『神能照着運行在我們心裏的大力,充充足足地成就一切,超過我們所求所想的。』(以弗所書 3:20) 有人想解釋這經節,就用現在的例子說明是超過我們所求所想的事,這是不合邏輯的。既然可舉出一個現在的例子,那例子不是可想的嗎?所以我們以前在『2048 耶穌的權柄和超過所求所想的事  – 耶穌的形像(3)』中討論什麼叫做超過所想的事情,都是用過去發生過的例子,在當時是超過那時的人所想的事情。我們非回顧不可,在這裏就不多說了。

3. 逾越節的筵席中設立餅杯之禮

    『時候到了,耶穌坐席,使徒也和他同坐。耶穌對他們說:「我很願意在受害以先和你們吃這逾越節的筵席。我告訴你們:我不再吃這筵席,直到成就在神的國裏。」耶穌接過杯來,祝謝了,說:「你們拿這個,大家分着喝。我告訴你們,從今以後,我不再喝這葡萄汁,直等神的國來到。」又拿起餅來,祝謝了,就擘開,遞給他們,說:「這是我的身體,為你們捨的,你們也應當如此行,為的是記念我。」飯後也照樣拿起杯來,說:「這杯是用我血所立的新約,是為你們流出來的。看哪,那賣我之人的手與我一同在桌子上。人子固然要照所預定的去世,但賣人子的人有禍了!」他們就彼此對問,是哪一個要做這事。』(路加福音 22:14-23)

     當然現在我們確實的知道是猶大賣主,在先前已討論過這點。在這裏,經文是說開飯前先分杯,並告訴他們祂不再喝這葡葡汁,直等神的國來到。神的國來到應該是在祂復活升天後,所以會有後來五旬節聖靈的充滿。然後有擘餅,飯後有立約的杯。

     類似的經文在馬太福音 26:26-29 和馬可福音 14:22-25 也有。所以餅杯之禮是主親自設立的,我們也可從下面經文看到這點,並其意義和規矩。『我當日傳給你們的,原是從主領受的,就是主耶穌被賣的那一夜,拿起餅來,祝謝了,就擘開,說:「這是我的身體,為你們捨的。你們應當如此行,為的是記念我。」飯後,也照樣拿起杯來,說:「這杯是用我的血所立的新約。你們每逢喝的時候,要如此行,為的是記念我。」你們每逢吃這餅,喝這杯,是表明主的死,直等到他來。所以,無論何人不按理吃主的餅、喝主的杯,就是干犯主的身、主的血了。人應當自己省察,然後吃這餅、喝這杯。因此,在你們中間有好些軟弱的與患病的,死的也不少。我們若是先分辨自己,就不至於受審。我們受審的時候,乃是被主懲治,免得我們和世人一同定罪。所以我弟兄們,你們聚會吃的時候,要彼此等待。若有人飢餓,可以在家裏先吃,免得你們聚會,自己取罪。… 』(哥林多前書 11:23-34)

     耶穌說,『我就是生命的糧。…吃我肉喝我血的人就有永生,在末日我要叫他復活。我的肉真是可吃的,我的血真是可喝的。』(約翰福音 6:48-55) 我們再看看希伯來書怎麼說?『看你們學習的工夫,本該作師傅,誰知還得有人將神聖言小學的開端另教導你們,並且成了那必須吃奶、不能吃乾糧的人!』(希伯來書 5:12) 我們看到了這糧是指神的聖言。

    『按着律法,凡物差不多都是用血潔淨的,若不流血,罪就不得赦免了。照着天上樣式做的物件,必須用這些祭物去潔淨;但那天上的本物自然當用更美的祭物去潔淨。』(希伯來書 9:22-23) 『神設立耶穌作挽回祭,是憑着耶穌的血,藉着人的信,要顯明神的義。…』(羅馬書 3:25) 從信開始,能夠這樣做有效是憑著耶穌的血。在物質的世界,我們看到了,『耶穌大聲喊叫,氣就斷了。殿裏的幔子從上到下裂為兩半。』(馬可福音 15:37-38)  在靈界也是如此,『弟兄們,我們既因耶穌的血,得以坦然進入至聖所,是藉着他給我們開了一條又新又活的路,從幔子經過,這幔子就是他的身體。』(希伯來書 10:19-20) 我們都要走那一條又有新又活的路,是我們所不知道的。這和舊約時相似,『(約書亞)吩咐百姓說:「你們看見耶和華你們神的約櫃,又見祭司利未人抬着,就要離開所住的地方,跟着約櫃去。只是你們和約櫃相離,要量二千肘,不可與約櫃相近,使你們知道所當走的路,因為這條路你們向來沒有走過。」』(約書亞記 3:3-4)  新舊約都是同一位神,是一樣的原則顯明了神的義。

      所以在聚會吃的時候,我們要彼此等待,一起開動,而且我們真要能有不受審的分辨,這不只是在餅杯之禮時如此,在平時也該這樣。要知道就像經文所說,我們遭遇苦難有時是被主懲治,舊約也是這樣說。舉個例子,大衞在赫人烏利亞和他的的妻子拔示巴的事件中,『大衞對拿單說:「我得罪耶和華了!」拿單說:「耶和華已經除掉你的罪,你必不至於死。只是你行這事,叫耶和華的仇敵大得褻瀆的機會,故此,你所得的孩子必定要死。」』(撒母耳記下 12:13-14) 當然,還有其他的懲罰,『耶和華如此說:『我必從你家中興起禍患攻擊你,我必在你眼前把你的妃嬪賜給別人,他在日光之下就與她們同寢。你在暗中行這事,我卻要在以色列眾人面前、日光之下報應你。』』(撒母耳記下 12:11-12)

     我們絕對不要去自討苦吃,我們會遭遇因試探而來的苦難已經是夠多了。有些苦難是神允許的,為要祝福人,如約伯記中的約伯般。以前我試過要分辦苦難是由撒但來的,或是神允許的,或是因為神直接的懲治。現在發覺,對苦難中的人,這其實沒有多大的用處,因對苦難中的人還是要親自經過苦難的。我們只要知道,神不允許,沒有事情會發生的。我們能夠做的是,『你們要將一切的憂慮卸給神,因為他顧念你們。務要謹守、警醒,因為你們的仇敵魔鬼,如同吼叫的獅子,遍地遊行,尋找可吞吃的人。你們要用堅固的信心抵擋他,因為知道你們在世上的眾弟兄也是經歷這樣的苦難。那賜諸般恩典的神曾在基督裏召你們,得享他永遠的榮耀,等你們暫受苦難之後,必要親自成全你們,堅固你們,賜力量給你們。』(彼得前書 5:7-10) 我們看到撒但從沒有停止工作過,但『你們所遇見的試探,無非是人所能受的。神是信實的,必不叫你們受試探過於所能受的。在受試探的時候,總要給你們開一條出路,叫你們能忍受得住。』(哥林多前書 10:13) 所以我們受苦難是暫時的,主會藉著別人,或親自會成全我們的。後者就如約伯記中所記的,『那時,耶和華從旋風中回答約伯(約伯記 38:1)

4. 門徒爭論誰為大

       『門徒起了爭論,他們中間哪一個可算為大。耶穌說:「外邦人有君王為主治理他們,那掌權管他們的稱為恩主。但你們不可這樣。你們裏頭為大的,倒要像年幼的;為首領的,倒要像服事人的。是誰為大?是坐席的呢?是服事人的呢?不是坐席的大嗎?然而,我在你們中間如同服事人的。我在磨煉之中,常和我同在的就是你們。我將國賜給你們,正如我父賜給我一樣,叫你們在我國裏,坐在我的席上吃喝,並且坐在寶座上,審判以色列十二個支派。」』(路加福音 22:24-30)

    所以屬世和屬靈原則是完全不同的,屬世的領袖是高高在上,而屬靈則是會去服事人。那時加略人猶大仍在那十二中人坐席,只是他選擇了賣主,放棄了自己的職分,其他十一人是主親自選的。所以神雖然有恩典和有仁慈揀選了我們,我能是不要如猶大般放棄的。在使徒行傳說的馬提亞是搖籖出來的 (參使徒行傳 1:23-26),不是主親自選的。主在復活後親自在大光中揀選的是保羅 (參使徒行傳 22:6-11),所以主親自揀選的使徒還是十二位。我們在『2031 最後的晚餐 (4) – 爭論,新命令,預知彼得的事,及買刀』的「爭論」中詳細的討論了、路加福音的這話題和相關的經文,這裏就不多說了。

(你可以在『 https://a-christian-voice.com/ 』看到所有的文章,到這網站後要按『對屬靈生命的瞭解』。)

1081 Discussion of Judas’ betrayal and the ceremony of bread and cups – Jesus (33) (by Whirlwind)

First of all, we see that Judas the Iscariot betrayed the Lord only for thirty dollars, and he sold Him with an intimate action. We also see that the birthright of the eldest sonship in the eyes of the world is not worth much.  The Lord already knew that Judas would betray Him, but still prayed that God’s will would be accomplished. We also see Judas’ ending and the fulfillment of a prophecy.  Second, we point out that we had previously discussed the prophecies and achievements in preparing for the Passover feast, and also used them to discuss why we need to look back in order to understand how and why God was working that way at that time.  Third, we discuss that the Lord Himself instituted the ceremony of bread and cups during the Passover feast, and we look at its meaning and rules.  In the scriptures, we also see that we need to truly be able to discern with right judgment. This is not only true during the ceremony of bread and cups, but also in ordinary times.  We must know that when we encounter suffering, we are sometimes punished by the Lord, and we should never ask for it.  Finally, we point out where we have discussed the disciples’ dispute over who is greater. Please go there for a detailed discussion of this topic and related scriptures.

1. The time, process, and ending of Judas Iscariot’s betrayal

The time when Judas decided to betray the Lord is clearly stated in these verses: “Now the Feast of Unleavened Bread, which is called the Passover, was approaching. The chief priests and the scribes were seeking how they might put Him to death; for they were afraid of the people. And Satan entered into Judas who was called Iscariot, belonging to the number of the twelve. And he went away and discussed with the chief priests and officers how he might betray Him to them. They were glad and agreed to give him money. So he consented, and began seeking a good opportunity to betray Him to them apart from the crowd.”(Luke 22:1-6) So the scripture would say, “For he (Judas) was counted among us and received his share in this ministry.”(Acts 1:17) He himself gave up this office, so ““For it is written in the book of Psalms, …‘Let another man take his office.’”(Acts 1:20)

How much was He worth in the eyes of Judas? “Then one of the twelve, named Judas Iscariot, went to the chief priests and said, “What are you willing to give me to betray Him to you?” And they weighed out thirty pieces of silver to him. From then on he began looking for a good opportunity to betray Jesus.”(Matthew 26:14-16)

Jesus is the firstborn Son, as this scripture says, “For those whom He foreknew, He also predestined to become conformed to the image of His Son, so that He would be the firstborn among many brethren.”(Romans 8:29) In the eyes of the world, the birthright is really very cheap. Just like a situation in the Old Testament said, “When Jacob had cooked stew, Esau came in from the field and he was famished; and Esau said to Jacob, “Please let me have a swallow of that red stuff there, for I am famished.” Therefore his name was called Edom. But Jacob said, “First sell me your birthright.” Esau said, “Behold, I am about to die; so of what use then is the birthright to me?” And Jacob said, “First swear to me”; so he swore to him, and sold his birthright to Jacob. Then Jacob gave Esau bread and lentil stew; and he ate and drank, and rose and went on his way. Thus Esau despised his birthright.”(Genesis 25:29-34) In this situation, the firstborn sonship is only worth bread and lentil stew. Therefore, the Book of Hebrews will say, “…there be no immoral or godless person like Esau, who sold his own birthright for a single meal. For you know that even afterwards, when he desired to inherit the blessing, he was rejected, for he found no place for repentance, though he sought for it with tears.”(Hebrews 12:16-17)

This blessing refers to the blessing of the Heavenly Father coming down through the human father. Isaac knew this very clearly, because “Then Isaac trembled violently, and said, “Who was he then that hunted game and brought it to me, so that I ate of all of it before you came, and blessed him? Yes, and he shall be blessed.” When Esau heard the words of his father, he cried out with an exceedingly great and bitter cry, and said to his father, “Bless me, even me also, O my father!” And he said, “Your brother came deceitfully and has taken away your blessing.””(Genesis 27:33-35) If God didn’t want to do this, nothing could be accomplished by this way. God’s will cannot be changed by some human words. We can see that this was God’s original purpose, which was fulfilled through human actions since His original will can be seen in this verse, “The LORD said to her her (Rebekah), “Two nations are in your womb; And two peoples will be separated from your body; And one people shall be stronger than the other; And the older shall serve the younger.””(Genesis 25:23) This incident shows God’s foreknowledge and predestination, which are two sides of the same coin, so the book of Romans says, “For those whom He foreknew, He also predestined to become conformed to the image of His Son, so that He would be the firstborn among many brethren.”(Romans 8:29)

Regarding the fact that Jesus foresaw that Judas would betray Him, we have talked about it before in “(3) Foreknowledge regarding Judas’ betrayal” of “1030 Last supper (3) – Logic, washing feet, and foreknowledge”, so we won’t say more. Those who are interested in knowing the details can go there and have a look.  Here we only mention one verse, “And Judas, who was betraying Him, said, “Surely it is not I, Rabbi?” Jesus said to him, “You have said it yourself.””(Matthew 26:25) Even though Jesus had already known this, He still prayed like the following in the Garden of Gethsemane: “And He was saying, “Abba! Father! All things are possible for You; remove this cup from Me; yet not what I will, but what You will.””(Mark 14:36) He is a one hundred percent human, how difficult this is for a man! But He knew that in order to complete salvation, He had to shed His blood and pay the price of crucifixion, so He said, “yet not what I will, but what You will.” Let’s now look at how Judas betrayed his Lord: “Immediately Judas went to Jesus and said, “Hail, Rabbi!” and kissed Him.”(Matthew 26:49) Kissing is an act of intimacy with others, but Judas used it to betray the Lord!

Let’s now look at the ending of Judas Iscariot, “Then when Judas, who had betrayed Him, saw that He had been condemned, he felt remorse and returned the thirty pieces of silver to the chief priests and elders, saying, “I have sinned by betraying innocent blood.” But they said, “What is that to us? See to that yourself!” And he threw the pieces of silver into the temple sanctuary and departed; and he went away and hanged himself.”(Matthew 27:3-5) Suicide is not what a Christian should do. Although Judas had followed Jesus for many years, he was not a true Christian. In the end, he betrayed the Lord. Although he regretted it, but he was completely different from Peter’s repentance. He chose something that he shouldn’t have done.

Here we see the fulfillment of a prophecy, that is, “The chief priests took the pieces of silver and said, “It is not lawful to put them into the temple treasury, since it is the price of blood.” And they conferred together and with the money bought the Potter’s Field as a burial place for strangers. For this reason that field has been called the Field of Blood to this day. Then that which was spoken through Jeremiah the prophet was fulfilled: “And they took the thirty pieces of silver, the price of the one whose price had been set by the sons of Israel; and they gave them for the Potter’s Field, as the Lord directed me.””(Matthew 27:6-10)

From the above scriptures, we know that it was a field bought by the chief priests and others for him. We don’t know why his belly collapsed after hanging. The following scriptures record this. “For he was counted among us and received his share in this ministry.” (Now this man acquired a field with the price of his wickedness, and falling headlong, he burst open in the middle and all his intestines gushed out. And it became known to all who were living in Jerusalem; so that in their own language that field was called Hakeldama, that is, Field of Blood.)”(Acts 1:17-19) No wonder Jesus said, “The Son of Man is to go, just as it is written of Him; but woe to that man by whom the Son of Man is betrayed! It would have been good for that man if he had not been born.”(Matthew 26:24) Finally, we want to emphasie that he hanged himself and his belly burst because the Bible says so. From a human point of view, this is absolutely possible! For example, the place he chose to hang himself might be in the wilderness, and the rope finally broke because it could not bear the weight, so he fell down. Later, a wild animal passed by, causing his belly to burst and his intestines to flow out.

2. Preparation for the Passover Feast Prophecy and Fulfillment

“Then came the first day of Unleavened Bread on which the Passover lamb had to be sacrificed. And Jesus sent Peter and John, saying, “Go and prepare the Passover for us, so that we may eat it.” They said to Him, “Where do You want us to prepare it?” And He said to them, “When you have entered the city, a man will meet you carrying a pitcher of water; follow him into the house that he enters. And you shall say to the owner of the house, ‘The Teacher says to you, “Where is the guest room in which I may eat the Passover with My disciples?”’ And he will show you a large, furnished upper room; prepare it there.” And they left and found everything just as He had told them; and they prepared the Passover.”(Luke 22:7-13)

We see that this prophecy was fulfilled that day. Usually prophecies in the Bible do not mention the time when the prophecy will be fulfilled, with only a few exceptions.  The time of achievement may be very short, and it may take a long time to be fulfilled.  We have discussed this before in “1075 Jesus rides into Jerusalem on a donkey’s colt and cleanses the temple – Jesus (28)”, and through relevant scriptures, we discussed why we often need to look back in order to understand how and why God did what He did at that time. For example, the Bible says, “Now to Him who is able to do far more abundantly beyond all that we ask or think, according to the power that works within us.”(Ephesians 3:20) Some people want to explain this verse and use the current example to show that it is more than what we ask or think. This is illogical.  Since a current example can be given, isn’t that example conceivable?  So in the past, we discussed in “1048 Power of Jesus and things beyond all that we ask or think – The image of Jesus (3)” regarding things that are more than what you think. We used examples that happened in the past. At that time, they were more than what people could think at their time.  We have discussed it, so we won’t go into details here.

3. The ceremony of setting up bread and cups at the Passover feast

“When the hour had come, He reclined at the table, and the apostles with Him. And He said to them, “I have earnestly desired to eat this Passover with you before I suffer; for I say to you, I shall never again eat it until it is fulfilled in the kingdom of God.” And when He had taken a cup and given thanks, He said, “Take this and share it among yourselves; for I say to you, I will not drink of the fruit of the vine from now on until the kingdom of God comes.” And when He had taken some bread and given thanks, He broke it and gave it to them, saying, “This is My body which is given for you; do this in remembrance of Me.” And in the same way He took the cup after they had eaten, saying, “This cup which is poured out for you is the new covenant in My blood. But behold, the hand of the one betraying Me is with Mine on the table. For indeed, the Son of Man is going as it has been determined; but woe to that man by whom He is betrayed!” And they began to discuss among themselves which one of them it might be who was going to do this thing.”(Luke 22:14-23)

Of course, we now know for sure that it was Judas who betrayed Him, as we have discussed previously.  Here, the text says that the cups were divided before the meal was started, and that He told them that He would not drink of the fruit of the vine from now on until the Kingdom of God came.  The kingdom of God should come after His resurrection and ascension to heaven, so there will be the subsequent filling of the Holy Spirit at Pentecost.  Then there was the breaking of bread, and after the meal there was the covenant cup.

Similar verses are found in Matthew 26:26-29 and Mark 14:22-25.  Therefore, the ceremony of bread and cups was established by the Lord Himself. We can also see this from the following scriptures, as well as its meaning and rules. “For I received from the Lord that which I also delivered to you, that the Lord Jesus in the night in which He was betrayed took bread; and when He had given thanks, He broke it and said, “This is My body, which is for you; do this in remembrance of Me.” In the same way He took the cup also after supper, saying, “This cup is the new covenant in My blood; do this, as often as you drink it, in remembrance of Me.” For as often as you eat this bread and drink the cup, you proclaim the Lord’s death until He comes. Therefore whoever eats the bread or drinks the cup of the Lord in an unworthy manner, shall be guilty of the body and the blood of the Lord. But a man must examine himself, and in so doing he is to eat of the bread and drink of the cup. For he who eats and drinks, eats and drinks judgment to himself if he does not judge the body rightly. For this reason many among you are weak and sick, and a number sleep. But if we judged ourselves rightly, we would not be judged. But when we are judged, we are disciplined by the Lord so that we will not be condemned along with the world. So then, my brethren, when you come together to eat, wait for one another. If anyone is hungry, let him eat at home, so that you will not come together for judgment. …”(1 Corinthians 11:23-34)

Jesus said, “I am the bread of life. …He who eats My flesh and drinks My blood has eternal life, and I will raise him up on the last day. For My flesh is true food, and My blood is true drink.”(John 6:48-55) Let’s look at what the book of Hebrews says?  “For though by this time you ought to be teachers, you have need again for someone to teach you the elementary principles of the oracles of God, and you have come to need milk and not solid food.” (Hebrews 5:12) We see that this bread refers to the Word of God since the oracles of God are in the Bible and the Bible is inspired by God.

“And according to the Law, one may almost say, all things are cleansed with blood, and without shedding of blood there is no forgiveness. Therefore it was necessary for the copies of the things in the heavens to be cleansed with these, but the heavenly things themselves with better sacrifices than these.”(Hebrews 9:22-23) “(Jesus Christ) whom God displayed publicly as a propitiation in His blood through faith. This was to demonstrate His righteousness, …”(Romans 3:25) Starting from faith, which can be effective is due to the blood of Jesus.  In the material world, we can see that “And Jesus uttered a loud cry, and breathed His last. And the veil of the temple was torn in two from top to bottom.”(Mark 15:37-38) The veil is also torn in the spiritual world as said in Hebrews 10:19-20, “Therefore, brethren, since we have confidence to enter the holy place by the blood of Jesus, by a new and living way which He inaugurated for us through the veil, that is, His flesh.” We all walk in a new and living way, which we did not know before.  This is similar to the time in the Old Testament, “At the end of three days the officers went through the midst of the camp; and they commanded the people, saying, “When you see the ark of the covenant of the LORD your God with the Levitical priests carrying it, then you shall set out from your place and go after it. However, there shall be between you and it a distance of about 2,000 cubits by measure. Do not come near it, that you may know the way by which you shall go, for you have not passed this way before.””(Joshua 3:2-4) Both the Old and New Testaments are the same God, and the same principles are used to reveal God’s righteousness.

So when we eat at a gathering, we need to wait for each other and start together. “But a man must examine himself, and in so doing he is to eat of the bread and drink of the cup. For he who eats and drinks, eats and drinks judgment to himself if he does not judge the body rightly.”(1 Corinthians 11:28-29) This is not only true during the ceremony of bread and cups, but also in ordinary times.  You must know that as the scriptures say, when we encounter suffering, we are sometimes punished by the Lord. The Old Testament also says the same.  For example, in the incident involving Uriah the Hittite and his wife Bathsheba, “…David said to Nathan, “I have sinned against the LORD.” And Nathan said to David, “The LORD also has taken away your sin; you shall not die. However, because by this deed you have given occasion to the enemies of the LORD to blaspheme, the child also that is born to you shall surely die.””(2 Samuel 12:13-14) Of course, there are other punishments. 

“Thus says the LORD, ‘Behold, I will raise up evil against you from your own household; I will even take your wives before your eyes and give them to your companion, and he will lie with your wives in broad daylight. Indeed you did it secretly, but I will do this thing before all Israel, and under the sun.’””(2 Samuel 12:11-12)

We must not ask for trouble. We have encountered enough suffering due to temptation.  Some sufferings are allowed by God in order to bless people, like Job in the book of Job.  In the past I have tried to find out whether suffering is caused by Satan, permitted by God, or directly punished by God.  Now I realize that this is not of much use to people who are suffering, because they still have to go through suffering personally.  As long as we know that nothing will happen if God does not allow it, it is sufficient. What we can do is, “casting all your anxiety on Him, because He cares for you. Be of sober spirit, be on the alert. Your adversary, the devil, prowls around like a roaring lion, seeking someone to devour. But resist him, firm in your faith, knowing that the same experiences of suffering are being accomplished by your brethren who are in the world. After you have suffered for a little while, the God of all grace, who called you to His eternal glory in Christ, will Himself perfect, confirm, strengthen and establish you.”(1 Peter 5:7-10) We see that Satan never stops working, but “No temptation has overtaken you but such as is common to man; and God is faithful, who will not allow you to be tempted beyond what you are able, but with the temptation will provide the way of escape also, so that you will be able to endure it.”(1 Corinthians 10:13) Therefore, our suffering is only temporary, and the Lord will reveal us through others or by Himself.  The latter is like what was recorded in the Book of Job as the following verse says, “…the LORD answered Job out of the whirlwind …”(Job 38:1)

4. The disciples argued about who was greater

“And there arose also a dispute among them as to which one of them was regarded to be greatest. And He said to them, “The kings of the Gentiles lord it over them; and those who have authority over them are called ‘Benefactors.’ But it is not this way with you, but the one who is the greatest among you must become like the youngest, and the leader like the servant. For who is greater, the one who reclines at the table or the one who serves? Is it not the one who reclines at the table? But I am among you as the one who serves. “You are those who have stood by Me in My trials; and just as My Father has granted Me a kingdom, I grant you that you may eat and drink at My table in My kingdom, and you will sit on thrones judging the twelve tribes of Israel.”(Luke 22:24-30)

So the worldly and spiritual principles are completely different. Worldly leaders are rulers, while spiritual leaders serve people.  At that time, Judas Iscariot was still sitting at the table with the twelve, but he chose to betray the Lord and gave up his position. The other eleven were chosen by the Lord Himself.  Therefore, although God has chosen us with grace and mercy, we cannot give up like Judas. Matthias in the book of Acts was chosen by drawing lots (see Acts 1:23-26), not chosen by the Lord Himself.  After the resurrection, the Lord Himself chose Paul in the great light (see Acts 22:6-11), so there were still twelve apostles chosen by the Lord Himself.  We have discussed this topic in Luke’s Gospel and related scriptures in detail in the “(1) Dispute” of “1031 Dispute, new command, foreknowledge about Peter – Last supper (4),” so we will not discuss it here. 

(Verses refer to those in NASB unless otherwise specified.)

(You can get all articles in “https://a-christian-voice.com/” under “On spiritual understanding about life.”)

3080 末期,耶稣再来,和发芽的比喻 -耶稣(32) (旋风著)

    首先我们在经文中看到了末期的预兆和基督徒的对策,就是不要预先思想怎样分诉,完全的依靠圣灵,而在过程中,就是要忍耐到底。第二,我们以前分享过耶路撒路的预言和结局,就不多讲,但指出那里可找到以前分享的详情。第三,我们看到末期人子荣耀的驾云降临,提到基督徒和非基督徒的反应完全不同。又一次看到神借圣经告诉我们是一致的,在末时,祂会驾云降临。最后在第四时,我们讨论了用无花果树和各样的树的发芽作比喻,看见发芽的时候,自然是顺理成章的看见神的国近了,也讨论了在旧约中以色列会复国的预言。末期会有很多预兆的,不只是以色列的复国造成了国要攻打国的局面而已,福音要传遍天下末期才会来到。我们实在是『务要谨守、警醒,因为你们的仇敌魔鬼,如同吼叫的狮子,遍地游行,寻找可吞吃的人。』(彼得前书 5:8)

1.  末期的预兆及对策       

     『他们问他说:「夫子,甚么时候有这事呢?这事将到的时候有甚么预兆呢?」耶稣说:「你们要谨慎,不要受迷惑,因为将来有好些人冒我的名来,说:『我是基督』,又说:『时候近了』,你们不要跟从他们!你们听见打仗和扰乱的事,不要惊惶,因为这些事必须先有,只是末期(G5056)不能立时就到。」当时,耶稣对他们说:「民要攻打民,国要攻打国,地要大大震动,多处必有饥荒、瘟疫,又有可怕的异象和大神迹从天上显现。「但这一切的事以先,人要下手拿住你们,逼迫你们,把你们交给会堂,并且收在监里,又为我的名拉你们到君王诸侯面前。但这些事终必为你们的见证。」「所以,你们当立定心意,不要预先思想怎样分诉,因为我必赐你们口才、智慧,是你们一切敌人所敌不住、驳不倒的。连你们的父母、弟兄、亲族、朋友也要把你们交官,你们也有被他们害死的。你们要为我的名被众人恨恶,然而,你们连一根头发也必不损坏。』(路加福音 21:7-18)    

    他们在问末期的事,末期的来临是有预兆的,现在的俄乌战争,和扩大的以哈战争等等,显然是民要攻打民,国要攻打国。战争是会引起饥荒的,现在又有新冠病毒的瘟疫,地震也不断,但没有可怕的异象和大神迹从天上显现,并没有发生所有的预兆。在启示录也很清楚的说到会有各式各样的灾难,并说『我向一切听见这书上预言的作见证,若有人在这预言上加添甚么,神必将写在这书上的灾祸加在他身上;这书上的预言,若有人删去甚么,神必从这书上所写的生命树和圣城删去他的分。』(启示录 22:18-19) 有人对我说,属灵的人才能看见七雷,如九一一事件是七雷之一,但圣经明讲,『七雷发声之后,我正要写出来,就听见从天上有声音说:「七雷所说的你要封上,不可写出来。」』(启示录 10:4) 这实在是在启示录的预言中加添了一些。神的旨意本是要、在从七雷发生之后的灾难才知道七雷已发生过,要不然其他的都写出来,为什么唯独要封了七雷?当然我们从这里也看到约翰的顺服,他的确没有写出来。我们知道最后有新天新地 (参启示录 21:1),以前所分享的以西结书预言的圣殿尚未建造,一定会先建造才会有新天新地的,因神的预言从不落空。我们在『2079  预言圣殿的被毁和以西结预言的圣殿耶稣(31)』中已详述这一点,有兴趣的人请去那儿看详情。       

    末期的预兆很清楚的记在这里,只是在这之先我们会受到逼迫,就像经文所说,『当时,那按著血气生的,逼迫了那按著圣灵生的,现在也是这样。』(加拉太书 4:29)   这其实和这节经文类似的还有,『你们要为我的名被众人恨恶,惟有忍耐到底的(G5056),必然得救。』(马可福音 13:13) 的确现在是如此,中国发生的事情就是很好的例子。我们特别把忍耐到底的汇编原文数字标注出来,因和末期是同一个字,中文和合本的翻译不是很容易看到这点。    

    教导我们的对策也很简单,就是不要预先思想怎样分诉,完全的依靠圣灵,而在过程中,就是要忍耐到底。这也是我们在诗歌的敬拜中为什么选择了「后是膏油先是血」,如约伯记中的约伯,在他得到祝福前神允许他受二次严厉的试探,最后神自己介入让约伯看清了自己而悔改,这也说明了为什么耶稣会说,『不背著他的十字架跟从我的,也不配作我的门徒。』(马太福音 10:38) 大卫数民也是一样,让他看清了自己而悔改 (参撒母耳记下 24:1-14) 圣经中还记录了其他的例子,就不多说了。我们也看到了『你们连一根头发也必不损坏』的应许,在那时,当家人和我们理念不同的时候,是会发生『人的仇敌就是自己家里的人。』(马太福音 10:36) 那时,我们真会要为耶稣的名被众人恨恶。    

    我们现在要过的是一个信望爱而分别为圣的生活,从信开始,『因为神的义是本于信,以至于信。如经上所记:「义人必因信得生。」』(罗马书 1:17) 有了信,我们就有盼望,因为『我们又借著他(耶稣),因信得进入现在所站的这恩典中,并且欢欢喜喜盼望神的荣耀。』(罗马书 5:2) 『所以要约束你们的心,谨慎自守,专心盼望耶稣基督显现的时候所带来给你们的恩。』(彼得前书 1:13) 『盼望不至于羞耻。因为所赐给我们的圣灵将神的爱浇灌在我们心里。』(罗马书 5:5)

2. 预言耶路撒冷的灾难       

    『你们看见耶路撒冷被兵围困,就可知道它成荒场的日子近了。那时,在犹太的应当逃到山上,在城里的应当出来,在乡是我们在诗歌的敬拜中下的不要进城,因为这是报应的日子,使经上所写的都得应验。当那些日子,怀孕的和奶孩子的有祸了!因为将有大灾难降在这地方,也有震怒临到这百姓。他们要倒在刀下,又被掳到各国去。耶路撒冷要被外邦人践踏,直到外邦人的日期满了。』(路加福音 21:20-24)       

    我们看到了这是报应的日子,也说到了时间,虽然在新约时代的我们已因耶稣在十字架的受死而得赦免,但我们不要忘记,『公义和公平,是你(耶和华)宝座的根基(诗篇 89:14) 虽然新约中只记载了亚拿尼亚一件因欺哄圣灵而立刻倒弊的例子 (参使徒行传 5:1-10) 但要记得,『弟兄们,你们蒙召是要得自由,只是不可将你们的自由当作放纵情欲的机会,总要用爱心互相服事。』(加拉太书 5:13) 『主所应许的尚未成就,有人以为他是耽延,其实不是耽延,乃是宽容你们,不愿有一人沉沦,乃愿人人都悔改。』(彼得后书 3:9) 凡事都有定时,所以会说要到外邦人的日期满了。我们以前讨论过这些经文就不多说了,更多的讨论请看『2067 窄门,耶路撒冷,医治水臌的人,和自高的耶稣(20)』。

3. 末期人子荣耀的驾云降临        

    『日、月、星辰要显出异兆,地上的邦国也有困苦,因海中波浪的响声,就慌慌不定。天势都要震动,人想起那将要临到世界的事,就都吓得魂不附体。那时,他们要看见人子有能力,有大荣耀驾云降临。一有这些事,你们就当挺身昂首,因为你们得赎的日子近了。』(路加福音 21:25-28)       

    从这经文,我们看见了虽然基督徒和非基督徒都会同样的遭遇苦难,但两者的反应会大不相同。对非基督徒而言,想到启示中提到的那将要临到世界的灾难,会吓得魂不附体。而基督徒知道得赎的日子近了,反而会挺身昂首。我们再看看这经文,『说了这话,他们正看的时候,他就被取上升,有一朵云彩把他接去,便看不见他了。当他往上去,他们定睛望天的时候,忽然有两个人身穿白衣,站在旁边,说:「加利利人哪,你们为甚么站著望天呢?这离开你们被接升天的耶稣,你们见他怎样往天上去,他还要怎样来。」』(使徒行传 1:9-11) 又一次看到神借圣经告诉我们是一致的,在末时,祂会驾云降临。    

    就如我们以前所说,我们可看见神借圣经告诉我们是一致的许多例子,但是不论如何,这些例子总会是有限的,我们必须扩展这事实成为逻辑的公理,作为我们逻辑推导的开始的一部份。我们也看到,『看哪!我来像贼一样。(启示录 16:15) 贼不会告诉你偷东西的时间让你有所防备的,所以我们不知道祂来的确实时间,但祂的来临是有如前所述的预兆的。在启示录也可看到在祂来临之后发生的事情,祂不像道成肉身时是谦卑的来临,诞生在马槽里,那时祂来是大有荣耀的,我们谈到启示录时再详细分享这点。

4. 用无花果树和各样的树的发芽比喻神的国近了     

    有人说无花果树的发芽就是指以色列的复国,不是这样的,我们要看经文怎么说! 『耶稣又设比喻对他们说:「你们看无花果树和各样的树:它发芽的时候,你们一看见,自然晓得夏天近了。这样,你们看见这些事渐渐地成就,也该晓得神的国近了。「我实在告诉你们:这世代还没有过去,这些事都要成就。天地要废去,我的话却不能废去。「你们要谨慎,恐怕因贪食、醉酒,并今生的思虑累住你们的心,那日子就如同网罗忽然临到你们,因为那日子要这样临到全地上一切居住的人。你们要时时警醒,常常祈求,使你们能逃避这一切要来的事,得以站立在人子面前。」耶稣每日在殿里教训人,每夜出城在一座山,名叫橄榄山住宿。众百姓清早上圣殿,到耶稣那里,要听他讲道。』(路加福音 21:29-38)       

    这里说到了在橄榄山的住宿,这是明说了以前所分享的,祂在祂的时间没有到的时候作事的模式,白天进耶路撒冷讲道,晚上出城,一直到祂的时间到了,被钉在十字架上。至于我们,是『要拿起神所赐的全副军装,好在磨难的日子抵挡仇敌,并且成就了一切,还能站立得住。』(以弗所书 6:13) 我们以前提到过,那全副的军装中只有神的道的圣灵的宝剑是攻击的武器 (参以弗所书 6:14-17),我们知道我们自己不能做什么 (参约翰福音 15:5),实在是『不要消灭圣灵的感动。』(帖撒罗尼迦前书 5:19) 当圣灵要我们去攻击时,绝对不会失败。    

    耶稣『又说:「神的国,如同人把种撒在地上。黑夜睡觉,白日起来,这种就发芽渐长,那人却不晓得如何这样。地生五谷是出于自然的:先发苗,后长穗,再后穗上结成饱满的子粒。谷既熟了,就用镰刀去割,因为收成的时候到了。」』(马可福音 4:26-29) 所以这里是说,当我们看见发芽的时候,自然是顺理成章的看见神的国近了。有人说无花果树发芽就是指以色列复国,因此神的国近了!但是圣经没这样说,说的是当无花果树和各样的树发芽的时候,不只是说到无花果树。就像之前所分享的,照目前的局势看来,应是指「民要攻打民,国要攻打国」的预兆,而渐渐成就的预兆有很多种,不能只有一种就说是末期了。   

    我们要注意到,即使天地废去,耶稣的话却不能废去。那日子就如同网罗忽然临到你们,就如我们之前所分享的,『看哪!我来像贼一样。(启示录 16:15) 『惟有忍耐到底的(G5056)必然得救。这天国的福音要传遍天下,对万民作见证,然后末期(G5056)才来到。』(马太福音 24:13-14) 什么时候福音才算是传遍天下呢?我们不知道,至少现在有卫星的网路,一些以前福音传不到的地方,现在可以传到了。我们实在是『务要谨守、警醒,因为你们的仇敌魔鬼,如同吼叫的狮子,遍地游行,寻找可吞吃的人。』(彼得前书 5:8)       

    关于以色列 1948 年的复国,圣经的确有预言,我们来看看如后的两个地方的经文。『万军之耶和华如此说:「我要从东方、从西方救回我的民。我要领他们来,使他们住在耶路撒冷中。他们要作我的子民,我要作他们的神,都凭诚实和公义。」』(撒迦利亚书 8:7-8) 『不要害怕,因我与你同在!我必领你的后裔从东方来,又从西方招聚你。我要对北方说:『交出来!』对南方说:『不要拘留!』将我的众子从远方带来,将我的众女从地极领回。』(以赛亚书 43:5-6)  我们看到了这些经文不是在指归回重建圣殿的时候,那时归回的人只有从东方来,因为这些经文是说有人从各方而来,所以这是指现今时代以色列的复国。虽然以色列已亡国二千多年,他们现在复国了,世上没有一个国家灭亡了二千多年仍能复国的,但神的应许从不落空。

    顺便一提的是,因为『耶和华命定律法中的一条律例乃是这样说:你要吩咐以色列人,把一只没有残疾、未曾负轭、纯红的母牛牵到你这里来,人要在他眼前把这母牛焚烧,牛的皮、肉、血、粪都要焚烧。祭司要把香柏木、牛膝草、朱红色线都丢在烧牛的火中。』(民数记 19:2-6) 目的是要,『收起母牛的灰,存在营外洁净的地方,为以色列会众调做除污秽的水。(民数记 19:9) 所以正在寻找这样的纯红母牛。网路上有一个不能完全证实的消息说,以色列人已准备好重建圣殿的材料,一但找到红母牛,就会重建圣殿。很显然的,这和圣经所说的不合,没有预言说到圣殿的重建,只有预言说会建造以西结的圣殿,而重建圣殿的材料,显然是不够建造以西结的圣殿的。

(你可以在『 https://a-christian-voice.com/ 』看到所有的文章,到这网站后要按『对属灵生命的了解』。) 

2080 末期,耶穌再來,和發芽的比喻 -耶穌(32) (旋風著)

       首先我們在經文中看到了末期的預兆和基督徒的對策,就是不要預先思想怎樣分訴,完全的依靠聖靈,而在過程中,就是要忍耐到底。第二,我們以前分享過耶路撒路的預言和結局,就不多講,但指出那裏可找到以前分享的詳情。第三,我們看到末期人子榮耀的駕雲降臨,提到基督徒和非基督徒的反應完全不同。又一次看到神藉聖經告訴我們是一致的,在末時,祂會駕雲降臨。最後在第四時,我們討論了用無花果樹和各樣的樹的發芽作比喻,看見發芽的時候,自然是順理成章的看見神的國近了,也討論了在舊約中以色列會復國的預言。末期會有很多預兆的,不只是以色列的復國造成了國要攻打國的局面而已,福音要傳遍天下末期才會來到。我們實在是『務要謹守、警醒,因為你們的仇敵魔鬼,如同吼叫的獅子,遍地遊行,尋找可吞吃的人。』(彼得前書 5:8) 

1.  末期的預兆及對策

       『他們問他說:「夫子,甚麼時候有這事呢?這事將到的時候有甚麼預兆呢?」耶穌說:「你們要謹慎,不要受迷惑,因為將來有好些人冒我的名來,說:『我是基督』,又說:『時候近了』,你們不要跟從他們!你們聽見打仗和擾亂的事,不要驚惶,因為這些事必須先有,只是末期(G5056)不能立時就到。」當時,耶穌對他們說:「民要攻打民,國要攻打國,地要大大震動,多處必有饑荒、瘟疫,又有可怕的異象和大神蹟從天上顯現。「但這一切的事以先,人要下手拿住你們,逼迫你們,把你們交給會堂,並且收在監裏,又為我的名拉你們到君王諸侯面前。但這些事終必為你們的見證。」「所以,你們當立定心意,不要預先思想怎樣分訴,因為我必賜你們口才、智慧,是你們一切敵人所敵不住、駁不倒的。連你們的父母、弟兄、親族、朋友也要把你們交官,你們也有被他們害死的。你們要為我的名被眾人恨惡,然而,你們連一根頭髮也必不損壞。』(路加福音 21:7-18)

    他們在問末期的事,末期的來臨是有預兆的,現在的俄烏戰爭,和擴大的以哈戰爭等等,顯然是民要攻打民,國要攻打國。戰爭是會引起饑荒的,現在又有新冠病毒的瘟疫,地震也不斷,但沒有可怕的異象和大神蹟從天上顯現,並沒有發生所有的預兆。在啓示錄也很清楚的說到會有各式各樣的災難,並說『我向一切聽見這書上預言的作見證,若有人在這預言上加添甚麼,神必將寫在這書上的災禍加在他身上;這書上的預言,若有人刪去甚麼,神必從這書上所寫的生命樹和聖城刪去他的分。』(啓示錄 22:18-19) 有人對我說,屬靈的人才能看見七雷,如九一一事件是七雷之一,但聖經明講,『七雷發聲之後,我正要寫出來,就聽見從天上有聲音說:「七雷所說的你要封上,不可寫出來。」』(啓示錄 10:4) 這實在是在啓示錄的預言中加添了一些。神的旨意本是要、在從七雷發生之後的災難才知道七雷已發生過,要不然其他的都寫出來,為什麼唯獨要封了七雷?當然我們從這裏也看到約翰的順服,他的確沒有寫出來。我們知道最後有新天新地 (參啓示錄 21:1),以前所分享的以西結書預言的聖殿尚未建造,一定會先建造才會有新天新地的,因神的預言從不落空。我們在2079  預言聖殿的被毀和以西結預言的聖殿 -耶穌(31)』中已詳述這一點,有興趣的人請去那兒看詳情。

       末期的預兆很清楚的記在這裏,只是在這之先我們會受到逼迫,就像經文所說,『當時,那按着血氣生的,逼迫了那按着聖靈生的,現在也是這樣。』(加拉太書 4:29)   這其實和這節經文類似的還有,『…你們要為我的名被眾人恨惡,惟有忍耐到底的(G5056),必然得救。』(馬可福音 13:13) 的確現在是如此,中國發生的事情就是很好的例子。我們特別把忍耐到底的彙編原文數字標註出來,因和末期是同一個字,中文和合本的翻譯不是很容易看到這點。

     教導我們的對策也很簡單,就是不要預先思想怎樣分訴,完全的依靠聖靈,而在過程中,就是要忍耐到底。這也是我們在詩歌的敬拜中為什麼選擇了「後是膏油先是血」,如約伯記中的約伯,在他得到祝福前神允許他受二次嚴厲的試探,最後神自己介入讓約伯看清了自己而悔改,這也說明了為什麼耶穌會說,『不背着他的十字架跟從我的,也不配作我的門徒。』(馬太福音 10:38) 大衞數民也是一樣,讓他看清了自己而悔改 (參撒母耳記下 24:1-14) 聖經中還記錄了其他的例子,就不多說了。我們也看到了『你們連一根頭髮也必不損壞』的應許,在那時,當家人和我們理念不同的時候,是會發生『人的仇敵就是自己家裏的人。』(馬太福音 10:36) 那時,我們真會要為耶穌的名被眾人恨惡。

    我們現在要過的是一個信望愛而分別為聖的生活,從信開始,『因為神的義是本於信,以至於信。如經上所記:「義人必因信得生。」』(羅馬書 1:17) 有了信,我們就有盼望,因為『我們又藉着他(耶穌),因信得進入現在所站的這恩典中,並且歡歡喜喜盼望神的榮耀。』(羅馬書 5:2) 『所以要約束你們的心,謹慎自守,專心盼望耶穌基督顯現的時候所帶來給你們的恩。』(彼得前書 1:13) 『盼望不至於羞恥。因為所賜給我們的聖靈將神的愛澆灌在我們心裏。』(羅馬書 5:5)

2. 預言耶路撒冷的災難

       『你們看見耶路撒冷被兵圍困,就可知道它成荒場的日子近了。那時,在猶太的應當逃到山上,在城裏的應當出來,在鄉是我們在詩歌的敬拜中下的不要進城,因為這是報應的日子,使經上所寫的都得應驗。當那些日子,懷孕的和奶孩子的有禍了!因為將有大災難降在這地方,也有震怒臨到這百姓。他們要倒在刀下,又被擄到各國去。耶路撒冷要被外邦人踐踏,直到外邦人的日期滿了。』(路加福音 21:20-24)

    我們看到了這是報應的日子,也說到了時間,雖然在新約時代的我們已因耶穌在十字架的受死而得赦免,但我們不要忘記,『公義和公平,是你(耶和華)寶座的根基(詩篇 89:14) 雖然新約中只記載了亞拿尼亞一件因欺哄聖靈而立刻倒弊的例子 (參使徒行傳 5:1-10) 但要記得,『弟兄們,你們蒙召是要得自由,只是不可將你們的自由當作放縱情慾的機會,總要用愛心互相服事。』(加拉太書 5:13) 『主所應許的尚未成就,有人以為他是耽延,其實不是耽延,乃是寬容你們,不願有一人沉淪,乃願人人都悔改。』(彼得後書 3:9) 凡事都有定時,所以會說要到外邦人的日期滿了。我們以前討論過這些經文就不多說了,更多的討論請看『2067 窄門,耶路撒冷,醫治水臌的人,和自高的 -耶穌(20)』。

3. 末期人子榮耀的駕雲降臨

        『日、月、星辰要顯出異兆,地上的邦國也有困苦,因海中波浪的響聲,就慌慌不定。天勢都要震動,人想起那將要臨到世界的事,就都嚇得魂不附體。那時,他們要看見人子有能力,有大榮耀駕雲降臨。一有這些事,你們就當挺身昂首,因為你們得贖的日子近了。』(路加福音 21:25-28)

       從這經文,我們看見了雖然基督徒和非基督徒都會同樣的遭遇苦難,但兩者的反應會大不相同。對非基督徒而言,想到啓示中提到的那將要臨到世界的災難,會嚇得魂不附體。而基督徒知道得贖的日子近了,反而會挺身昂首。我們再看看這經文,『說了這話,他們正看的時候,他就被取上升,有一朵雲彩把他接去,便看不見他了。當他往上去,他們定睛望天的時候,忽然有兩個人身穿白衣,站在旁邊,說:「加利利人哪,你們為甚麼站着望天呢?這離開你們被接升天的耶穌,你們見他怎樣往天上去,他還要怎樣來。」』(使徒行傳 1:9-11) 又一次看到神藉聖經告訴我們是一致的,在末時,祂會駕雲降臨。

就如我們以前所說,我們可看見神藉聖經告訴我們是一致的許多例子,但是不論如何,這些例子總會是有限的,我們必須擴展這事實成為邏輯的公理,作為我們邏輯推導的開始的一部份。我們也看到,『看哪!我來像賊一樣。…』(啓示錄 16:15) 賊不會告訴你偷東西的時間讓你有所防備的,所以我們不知道祂來的確實時間,但祂的來臨是有如前所述的預兆的。在啓示錄也可看到在祂來臨之後發生的事情,祂不像道成肉身時是謙卑的來臨,誕生在馬槽裏,那時祂來是大有榮耀的,我們談到啓示錄時再詳細分享這點。

4. 用無花果樹和各樣的樹的發芽比喻神的國近了

      有人說無花果樹的發芽就是指以色列的復國,不是這樣的,我們要看經文怎麼說! 『耶穌又設比喻對他們說:「你們看無花果樹和各樣的樹:它發芽的時候,你們一看見,自然曉得夏天近了。這樣,你們看見這些事漸漸地成就,也該曉得神的國近了。「我實在告訴你們:這世代還沒有過去,這些事都要成就。天地要廢去,我的話卻不能廢去。「你們要謹慎,恐怕因貪食、醉酒,並今生的思慮累住你們的心,那日子就如同網羅忽然臨到你們,因為那日子要這樣臨到全地上一切居住的人。你們要時時警醒,常常祈求,使你們能逃避這一切要來的事,得以站立在人子面前。」耶穌每日在殿裏教訓人,每夜出城在一座山,名叫橄欖山住宿。眾百姓清早上聖殿,到耶穌那裏,要聽他講道。』(路加福音 21:29-38)

       這裏說到了在橄欖山的住宿,這是明說了以前所分享的,祂在祂的時間沒有到的時候作事的模式,白天進耶路撒冷講道,晚上出城,一直到祂的時間到了,被釘在十字架上。至於我們,是『…要拿起神所賜的全副軍裝,好在磨難的日子抵擋仇敵,並且成就了一切,還能站立得住。』(以弗所書 6:13) 我們以前提到過,那全副的軍裝中只有神的道的聖靈的寶劍是攻擊的武器 (參以弗所書 6:14-17),我們知道我們自己不能做什麼 (參約翰福音 15:5),實在是『不要消滅聖靈的感動。』(帖撒羅尼迦前書 5:19) 當聖靈要我們去攻擊時,絕對不會失敗。

    耶穌『又說:「神的國,如同人把種撒在地上。黑夜睡覺,白日起來,這種就發芽漸長,那人卻不曉得如何這樣。地生五穀是出於自然的:先發苗,後長穗,再後穗上結成飽滿的子粒。穀既熟了,就用鐮刀去割,因為收成的時候到了。」』(馬可福音 4:26-29) 所以這裏是說,當我們看見發芽的時候,自然是順理成章的看見神的國近了。有人說無花果樹發芽就是指以色列復國,因此神的國近了!但是聖經沒這樣說,說的是當無花果樹和各樣的樹發芽的時候,不只是說到無花果樹。就像之前所分享的,照目前的局勢看來,應是指「民要攻打民,國要攻打國」的預兆,而漸漸成就的預兆有很多種,不能只有一種就說是末期了。

     我們要注意到,即使天地廢去,耶穌的話卻不能廢去。那日子就如同網羅忽然臨到你們,就如我們之前所分享的,『看哪!我來像賊一樣。…』(啓示錄 16:15) 『惟有忍耐到底的(G5056)必然得救。這天國的福音要傳遍天下,對萬民作見證,然後末期(G5056)才來到。』(馬太福音 24:13-14) 什麼時候福音才算是傳遍天下呢?我們不知道,至少現在有衛星的網路,一些以前福音傳不到的地方,現在可以傳到了。我們實在是『務要謹守、警醒,因為你們的仇敵魔鬼,如同吼叫的獅子,遍地遊行,尋找可吞吃的人。』(彼得前書 5:8)

       關於以色列 1948 年的復國,聖經的確有預言,我們來看看如後的兩個地方的經文。『萬軍之耶和華如此說:「我要從東方、從西方救回我的民。我要領他們來,使他們住在耶路撒冷中。他們要作我的子民,我要作他們的神,都憑誠實和公義。」』(撒迦利亞書 8:7-8) 『不要害怕,因我與你同在!我必領你的後裔從東方來,又從西方招聚你。我要對北方說:『交出來!』對南方說:『不要拘留!』將我的眾子從遠方帶來,將我的眾女從地極領回。』(以賽亞書 43:5-6)  我們看到了這些經文不是在指歸回重建聖殿的時候,那時歸回的人只有從東方來,因為這些經文是說有人從各方而來,所以這是指現今時代以色列的復國。雖然以色列已亡國二千多年,他們現在復國了,世上沒有一個國家滅亡了二千多年仍能復國的,但神的應許從不落空。

    順便一提的是,因為『耶和華命定律法中的一條律例乃是這樣說:你要吩咐以色列人,把一隻沒有殘疾、未曾負軛、純紅的母牛牽到你這裏來,人要在他眼前把這母牛焚燒,牛的皮、肉、血、糞都要焚燒。祭司要把香柏木、牛膝草、朱紅色線都丟在燒牛的火中。』(民數記 19:2-6) 目的是要,『收起母牛的灰,存在營外潔淨的地方,為以色列會眾調做除污穢的水。(民數記 19:9) 所以正在尋找這樣的純紅母牛。網路上有一個不能完全証實的消息說,以色列人已準備好重建聖殿的材料,一但找到紅母牛,就會重建聖殿。很顯然的,這和聖經所說的不合,沒有預言說到聖殿的重建,只有預言說會建造以西結的聖殿,而重建聖殿的材料,顯然是不夠建造以西結的聖殿的。

(你可以在『 https://a-christian-voice.com/ 』看到所有的文章,到這網站後要按『對屬靈生命的瞭解』。)

1080 The end of the world, the return of Jesus, and the parable of sprouting – Jesus (32) (by Whirlwind)

First of all, we see in the scriptures the signs of the end times and the Christian countermeasures, which is not to think in advance what to say, but to rely completely on the Holy Spirit, and in the process, to endure to the end.  Second, we have shared the prophecy and ending of Jerusalem before, so we won’t go into details about it, but we will point out where the details we shared before can be found.  Third, when the Son of Man comes in a cloud with power and great glory at the end of the world, we see that Christians and non-Christians have completely different reactions.  Once again, we see that God is consistent in telling us through the Bible that Jesus will come in clouds at the end of time.  Finally, in the fourth part, we discussed using the sprouting of the fig tree and various trees as a metaphor. When we see the sprouting, we naturally see that the kingdom of God is near. We also discussed the prophecy of the restoration of Israel in the Old Testament. There will be many signs of the end times. It is not just the restoration of Israel. The end will not come until the gospel is spread throughout the world.  We really need to “Be of sober spirit, be on the alert. Your adversary, the devil, prowls around like a roaring lion, seeking someone to devour.”(1 Peter 5:8)

1. The signs of the end and countermeasures

“They questioned Him, saying, “Teacher, when therefore will these things happen? And what will be the sign when these things are about to take place?” And He said, “See to it that you are not misled; for many will come in My name, saying, ‘I am He,’ and, ‘The time is near.’ Do not go after them. When you hear of wars and disturbances, do not be terrified; for these things must take place first, but the end does not follow immediately.” Then He continued by saying to them, “Nation will rise against nation and kingdom against kingdom, and there will be great earthquakes, and in various places plagues and famines; and there will be terrors and great signs from heaven. “But before all these things, they will lay their hands on you and will persecute you, delivering you to the synagogues and prisons, bringing you before kings and governors for My name’s sake. It will lead to an opportunity for your testimony. So make up your minds not to prepare beforehand to defend yourselves; for I will give you utterance and wisdom which none of your opponents will be able to resist or refute. But you will be betrayed even by parents and brothers and relatives and friends, and they will put some of you to death, and you will be hated by all because of My name. Yet not a hair of your head will perish.”(Luke 21:7-18)

They are asking about the end of the world and there are signs. The current Russian-Ukrainian war, the expanding Israel-Hamas war, etc. are obviously about people attacking people and countries attacking countries.  War can cause famine, and now there is the COVID-19 plague, and there are constant earthquakes, but there aren’t terrors and great signs from heaven. Apparently, not all signs are happening. The book of Revelation also clearly mentions that there will be various disasters and also says, “I testify to everyone who hears the words of the prophecy of this book: if anyone adds to them, God will add to him the plagues which are written in this book; and if anyone takes away from the words of the book of this prophecy, God will take away his part from the tree of life and from the holy city, which are written in this book.”(Revelation 22:18-19) 

Someone said to me that only spiritual people could see the seven peals of thunder. For example, that person said that the September 11 incident was one of them. But the Bible clearly says, “When the seven peals of thunder had spoken, I was about to write; and I heard a voice from heaven saying, “Seal up the things which the seven peals of thunder have spoken and do not write them.””(Revelation 10:4) This really adds something to the prophecies in the Book of Revelation.  God’s will is to know that the corresponding disaster would occur only after the seven peals of thunder had occurred. Otherwise, if everything else was written down, why would only seven peals of thunder be sealed?  Of course, we also see John’s obedience here, since he did not write it down as told.  We know that there will be a new heaven and a new earth in the end (see Revelation 21:1). The temple prophesied in the book of Ezekiel that we shared before has not yet been built. It must be built first before there will be a new heaven and a new earth, because God’s prophecies never fail.  We have elaborated on this in “1079 Prophecy of the destruction of the temple and the temple prophesied by Ezekiel – Jesus (31).” Those who are interested should go there to see the details.

The signs of the end are clearly recorded here, but before that we will be persecuted, as the scripture says, “But as at that time he who was born according to the flesh persecuted him who was born according to the Spirit, so it is now also.”(Galatians 4:29) This is actually similar to this verse, “You will be hated by all because of My name, but the one who endures to the end, he will be saved.”(Mark 13:13) This is indeed the case now, and what is happening in China is a good example.  

The countermeasures taught to us are also very simple, that is, do not think about what to say in advance, rely completely on the Holy Spirit, and in the process, be patient to the end.  This is why we chose ‘First the Blood, then The Ointment’ in our hymn worship. Just like Job in the Book of Job, God allowed him to be severely tempted twice before he received the blessing. In the end, God Himself intervened to let Job see himself clearly and thus repented, which also explains why Jesus said, “And he who does not take his cross and follow after Me is not worthy of Me.”(Matthew 10:38) David counted the people, and thus allowed him in the same way to see himself clearly and repent (see 2 Samuel 24:1-14). There are other examples recorded in the Bible, so I won’t go into details.  We also saw the promise that “Yet not a hair of your head will perish.”(Luke 21:18) At that time, when family members had different viewpoints from ours, it would happen that “…a man’s enemies will be the members of his household.”(Matthew 10:36) At that time, we will really be hated by everyone for the name of Jesus.

What we have to live now is a life sanctified by faith, hope and love, starting from faith, “For in it the righteousness of God is revealed from faith to faith; as it is written, “But the righteous man shall live by faith.””(Romans 1:17) With faith, we have hope, because “through whom also we have obtained our introduction by faith into this grace in which we stand; and we exalt in hope of the glory of God.”(Romans 5:2) “Therefore, prepare your minds for action, keep sober in spirit, fix your hope completely on the grace to be brought to you at the revelation of Jesus Christ.”(1 Peter 1:13) “and hope does not disappoint, because the love of God has been poured out within our hearts through the Holy Spirit who was given to us.”(Romans 5:5)

2. Prophecy of disaster in Jerusalem

​”But when you see Jerusalem surrounded by armies, then recognize that her desolation is near. Then those who are in Judea must flee to the mountains, and those who are in the midst of the city must leave, and those who are in the country must not enter the city; because these are days of vengeance, so that all things which are written will be fulfilled. Woe to those who are pregnant and to those who are nursing babies in those days; for there will be great distress upon the land and wrath to this people; and they will fall by the edge of the sword, and will be led captive into all the nations; and Jerusalem will be trampled under foot by the Gentiles until the times of the Gentiles are fulfilled.”(Luke 21:20-24)

We have seen that these were days of vengeance, and it also spoke when it would happen. Although in the New Testament era we have been forgiven because of Jesus’ death on the cross, we must not forget, “Righteousness and justice are the foundation of Your throne …”(Psalm 89:14) “For you were called to freedom, brethren; only do not turn your freedom into an opportunity for the flesh, but through love serve one another.”(Galatians 5:13) “The Lord is not slow about His promise, as some count slowness, but is patient toward you, not wishing for any to perish but for all to come to repentance.”(2 Peter 3:9) There is a time for everything, so it is said in Luke 21:24 that “until the times of the Gentiles are fulfilled.” We have discussed these verses before, so we won’t go into details. For more discussion, please see “1067 Narrow Gate, Jerusalem, Healing Dropsy, and Self Exalted – Jesus (20).”

3. Son of Man coming in a cloud with power and great glory at the end of the world

​”There will be signs in sun and moon and stars, and on the earth dismay among nations, in perplexity at the roaring of the sea and the waves, men fainting from fear and the expectation of the things which are coming upon the world; for the powers of the heavens will be shaken. Then they will see the Son of Man coming in a cloud with power and great glory. But when these things begin to take place, straighten up and lift up your heads, because your redemption is drawing near.”(Luke 21:25-28)

From these verses, we see that although Christians and non-Christians will encounter suffering in the same way, their reactions will be very different.  For non-Christians, the thought of the disasters mentioned in revelation that will come to the world can be frightening.  But when Christians know that the day of redemption is near, they will stand up and hold their heads high.  Let’s look at the verses in Acts 1:9-11, “And after He had said these things, He was lifted up while they were looking on, and a cloud received Him out of their sight. And as they were gazing intently into the sky while He was going, behold, two men in white clothing stood beside them. They also said, “Men of Galilee, why do you stand looking into the sky? This Jesus, who has been taken up from you into heaven, will come in just the same way as you have watched Him go into heaven.”” Once again, we see that God is consistent in telling us through the Bible that at the end of the day, Jesus will come in the clouds.

As we said before, we can see that God tells us through the Bible many examples that are consistent, but no matter what, these examples will always be finite. We must expand this fact into a logical axiom as the beginning of our logical derivation. We also see, “Behold, I am coming like a thief. …”(Revelation 16:15) The thief will not tell you the time to steal so that you can be on guard, so we don’t know the exact time of His coming, but His coming has the signs that were mentioned before.  We can also see what happened after His coming in the Book of Revelation. Unlike when He became flesh, He came humbly and was born in a manger. At that time, He came with power and great glory. We will talk about it in detail when we talk about the Book of Revelation.

4. Use the sprouting of fig tree and all the trees to recognize that the kingdom of God is near

Some people say that the sprouting of the fig tree refers to the restoration of Israel. This is not the case. We have to look at what the scriptures say. “Then He told them a parable: “Behold the fig tree and all the trees; as soon as they put forth leaves, you see it and know for yourselves that summer is now near. So you also, when you see these things happening, recognize that the kingdom of God is near. Truly I say to you, this generation will not pass away until all things take place. Heaven and earth will pass away, but My words will not pass away. “Be on guard, so that your hearts will not be weighted down with dissipation and drunkenness and the worries of life, and that day will not come on you suddenly like a trap; for it will come upon all those who dwell on the face of all the earth. But keep on the alert at all times, praying that you may have strength to escape all these things that are about to take place, and to stand before the Son of Man.” Now during the day He was teaching in the temple, but at evening He would go out and spend the night on the mount that is called Olivet. And all the people would get up early in the morning to come to Him in the temple to listen to Him.”(Luke 21:29-38)

Here the ending verses talk about the accommodation on the Mount of Olivet. This clearly explains what we have shared before, His mode of doing things when His time has not come. He goes into Jerusalem to preach during the day and leaves the city at night, until His time comes and He is crucified on the cross.  As for us, “…take up the full armor of God, so that you will be able to resist in the evil day, and having done everything, to stand firm.” (Ephesians 6:13) We have mentioned before that in the full armor only the word of God that is the sword of the Spirit is the weapon of attack (see Ephesians 6:14-17), we know that we by ourselves cannot do anything right (see John 15:5) and we have to “Do not quench the Spirit.”(1 Thessalonians 5:19) When the Holy Spirit tells us to attack, we will never fail.

And Jesus also “…was saying, “The kingdom of God is like a man who casts seed upon the soil; and he goes to bed at night and gets up by day, and the seed sprouts and grows⁠—how, he himself does not know. The soil produces crops by itself; first the blade, then the head, then the mature grain in the head. But when the crop permits, he immediately puts in the sickle, because the harvest has come.””(Mark 4:26-29) So here it is said, when we see them sprouting, we naturally see that the kingdom of God is near.  Some people say that the fig tree sprouting refers to the restoration of Israel, so the kingdom of God is near!  But the Bible doesn’t say that. It says when the fig tree and all kinds of trees sprout, not just the fig tree.  As shared before, judging from the current situation, it should be a sign of “…Nation will rise against nation and kingdom against kingdom.”(Luke 21:10) There are many types of signs that are gradually coming to fruition, and it cannot be said to be the end of the world with just one.

We need to note that even if heaven and earth pass away, the words of Jesus will not pass away.  That day will come upon you suddenly like a snare, as we shared before, “Behold, I am coming like a thief. …”(Revelation 16:15) “But the one who endures to the end, he will be saved. This gospel of the kingdom shall be preached in the whole world as a testimony to all the nations, and then the end will come.”(Matthew 24:13-14) When will the gospel be preached throughout the world?  We don’t know that, at least now with the satellite network, the gospel can now reach some places where it could not be preached before.  We really need to “Be of sober spirit, be on the alert. Your adversary, the devil, prowls around like a roaring lion, seeking someone to devour.”(1 Peter 5:8)

Regarding the restoration of Israel in 1948, the Bible does have prophecies. Let’s take a look at the following two places. “Thus says the LORD of hosts, ‘Behold, I am going to save My people from the land of the east and from the land of the west; and I will bring them back and they will live in the midst of Jerusalem; and they shall be My people, and I will be their God in truth and righteousness.’”(Zechariah 8:7-8) ““Do not fear, for I am with you;

I will bring your offspring from the east, And gather you from the west. “I will say to the north, ‘Give them up!’ And to the south, ‘Do not hold them back.’ Bring My sons from afar And My daughters from the ends of the earth.”(Isaiah 43:5-6) We have seen that these verses do not refer to the time of returning to rebuild the temple. At that time, the returning people would only come from the east, because these verses say that people came from all directions. So this refers to the restoration of Israel in the present era.  Although Israel has been in ruins for more than 2,000 years, they are now restored. No country in the world can be restored after more than 2,000 years of destruction, but God’s promises have never failed.

By the way, because ““This is the statute of the law which the LORD has commanded, saying, ‘Speak to the sons of Israel that they bring you an unblemished red heifer in which is no defect and on which a yoke has never been placed. You shall give it to Eleazar the priest, …Then the heifer shall be burned in his sight; its hide and its flesh and its blood, with its refuse, shall be burned. The priest shall take cedar wood and hyssop and scarlet material and cast it into the midst of the burning heifer.”(Numbers 19:2-6) The purpose is to “…gather up the ashes of the heifer and deposit them outside the camp in a clean place, and the congregation of the sons of Israel shall keep it as water to remove impurity; it is purification from sin.”(Numbers 19:9) So they are looking for such a pure red heifer.  There is news on the Internet that cannot be completely confirmed that the Israelites have prepared the materials to rebuild the temple. Once the red heifer is found, the temple will be rebuilt.  Obviously, this is inconsistent with what the Bible says. There is no prophecy about the rebuilding of the temple, only the prophecy that Ezekiel’s temple will be built, and the materials for rebuilding the temple are obviously not enough to build Ezekiel’s temple.

 ​

(Verses refer to those in NASB unless otherwise specified.)

(You can get all articles in “https://a-christian-voice.com/” under “On spiritual understanding about life.”)

3079  预言圣殿的被毁和以西结预言的圣殿 -耶稣(31) (旋风著)

    圣经上提到了三个圣殿,就是所罗门建造的圣殿称为第一圣殿,第二圣殿是指回归时所罗巴伯立下根基而重建的圣殿,后为大希律所扩建,又有以西结预言而尚未建立的圣殿,最后是在新天新地中『圣城新耶路撒冷由神那里从天而降,(启示录 21:1-2) 未见城内有殿,因主神全能者和羔羊为城的殿。』(启示录 21:22)  在这里,我们首先谈到了第二圣殿被摧毁的预言,在其中我们简单的介绍了前二个圣殿的历史,然后我们将大部份时间用来讨论以西结书中预言的未来圣殿。我们看到圣经中的预言没有不应验的,所以以西结的圣殿一定会被建造的,这是为什么他连尺寸的大小都是这么详细的说明。因为非常困难在大纲中说清楚圣经是怎么说的,所以我们不在大纲中简介了,请直接到第二部份看看详情。

1. 预言圣殿的被毁和圣殿简史                

    『有人谈论圣殿是用美石和供物妆饰的,耶稣就说:「论到你们所看见的这一切,将来日子到了,在这里没有一块石头留在石头上不被拆毁了。」』(路加福音 21:5-6)          

    这里所说的是第二圣殿被摧毁的预言,我们以前在「2067 窄门,耶路撒冷,医治水臌的人,和自高的  –耶稣(20)」中讨论过,在那里,我们提到了这预言在历史中是如何成就的,这里就不多说了。我们现在就顺便简谈一下圣殿的历史。             

    第一圣殿为所罗门所建,地点很清楚,『所罗门就在耶路撒冷、耶和华向他父大卫显现的摩利亚山上,就是耶布斯人阿珥楠的禾场上、大卫所指定的地方预备好了,开工建造耶和华的殿。』(历代志下 3:1) 。『大卫(指示所罗门)说:「这一切工作的样式,都是耶和华用手划出来使我明白的。」』(历代志上 28:19) 开工的时间也清楚的记载,就是『所罗门作王第四年二月初二日开工建造。』(历代志下 3:2) 也就是『所罗门在位第四年西弗月,立了耶和华殿的根基。』(列王纪上 6:37) 『到十一年布勒月,就是八月,殿和一切属殿的都按著样式造成。他建殿的工夫共有七年。』(列王纪上 6:38) 这殿宇是金碧辉煌,就如所罗门所说,『我所要建造的殿宇甚大,因为我们的神至大,超乎诸神。』(历代志下 2:5)                 

    这第一圣殿的被毁是在『西底家在耶路撒冷作王十一年』时 (历代志下 36:11),那时『迦勒底人焚烧神的殿,拆毁耶路撒冷的城墙,用火烧了城里的宫殿,毁坏了城里宝贵的器皿。』(历代志下 36:19) 第一圣殿献殿时曾将约柜抬入,其过程在历代志下 5:2-7:10 中有详细的记载。所以那时约柜还在的,圣经没有讲约柜是什么时候失踪的,最后一次是提到在天上的约柜,『当时,神天上的殿开了,在他殿中现出他的约柜,随后有闪电、声音、雷轰、地震、大雹。』(启示录 11:19) 请注意,那时『因耶和华的荣光充满了耶和华殿,所以祭司不能进殿。』(历代志下 7:2) 在所罗门的圣殿献殿时是有耶和华的荣光的。这和当初摩西建造会幕完工时相似,『当时,云彩遮盖会幕,耶和华的荣光就充满了帐幕。摩西不能进会幕,因为云彩停在其上,并且耶和华的荣光充满了帐幕。』(出埃及记 40:34-35) 以西结预言的圣殿中,也是如此,『我观看,见耶和华的荣光充满耶和华的殿,我就俯伏在地。』(以西结书 44:4) 这些都明显的看见了耶和华的同在。但重建为第二圣殿时,就没有见到如此。              

    第二圣殿是指在波斯王塞鲁士元年归回的时候重建的所罗门的圣殿,是先在原有的根基上筑坛,然后所罗巴伯才将耶和华殿的根基立定。(参以斯拉记 3:1-11) 这时殿的根基大概已不太相同,因『有许多祭司、利未人、族长,就是见过旧殿的老年人,现在亲眼看见立这殿的根基,便大声哭号,也有许多人大声欢呼。』(以斯拉记 3:12) 大声欢呼是因为圣殿要重建了。直到『大利乌王第六年,亚达月初三日,这殿修成了。』(以斯拉记 6:15) 殿建了这么久,因为曾被强迫停止过,虽然圣经没有明说停止的过程,但提到了『在亚哈随鲁才登基的时候,上本控告犹大和耶路撒冷的居民。』(以斯拉记 4:6) 『于是,在耶路撒冷神殿的工程就停止了,直停到波斯王大利乌第二年。』(以斯拉记 4:24) 最后是『那时,撒拉铁的儿子所罗巴伯和约撒答的儿子大祭司约书亚,并剩下的百姓,都听从耶和华他们神的话,和先知哈该奉耶和华他们神差来所说的话;百姓也在耶和华面前存敬畏的心。耶和华激动犹大省长撒拉铁的儿子所罗巴伯和约撒答的儿子大祭司约书亚,并剩下之百姓的心,他们就来为万军之耶和华他们神的殿做工。这是在大利乌王第二年六月二十四日。』(哈该书 1:12-15) 虽然圣经没有明讲殿的建造被停止的过程,但在以斯拉记 4:7-23,插了一段关于建城时被『用势力强迫他们停工』(以斯拉记 23) 的类似情况,有兴趣的人请看那一段的历史。    

    那时,『以色列的祭司和利未人并其余被掳归回的人,都欢欢喜喜地行奉献神殿的礼。』(以斯拉记 6:16) 请注意,这时的第二圣殿并没有记载有耶和华的荣光显现。然后是大希律修理并扩充了圣殿,就如经文所说,『这殿是四十六年才造成的,你三日内就再建立起来吗?』(约翰福音 2:20) 『但耶稣这话,是以他的身体为殿。所以到他从死里复活以后,门徒就想起他说过这话,便信了圣经和耶稣所说的。』(约翰福音 2:21-22) 门徒跟随祂三年多,但要到真正看到祂复活后才真正相信祂说的话,信是一件很不容易的事情。在这里我们也看到了基督徒是要回想的,才可以明白圣灵当时为什么会这么做。即使不明了也要顺服,要知道圣灵如此做,本是为我们的益处。『耶和华说:「我的意念非同你们的意念,我的道路非同你们的道路。天怎样高过地,照样,我的道路高过你们的道路,我的意念高过你们的意念。雨雪从天而降,并不返回,却滋润地土,使地上发芽结实,使撒种的有种,使要吃的有粮。』(以赛亚书 55:8-10)    

    最后就是历史告诉我们,在主后约七十年,罗马人将这第二圣殿如这预言所说的摧毁了又有以西结预言而尚未建立的圣殿,在新天新地中『圣城新耶路撒冷由神那里从天而降,(启示录 21:1-2) 我们等会看到,以西结的圣殿虽大,仍可被人手建造,而新城耶路撒冷是不可能被人手所建造的,那时是 未见城内有殿,因主神全能者和羔羊为城的殿。』(启示录 21:22)  在会幕和所罗门的圣殿的至圣所都有约柜代表了耶和华的同在,在新城里,『有神和羔羊的宝座,他的仆人都要事奉他,也要见他的面。(启示录 22:3-4) 祂们已经同在,这样我们怎么还需要殿呢?

2. 以西结预言的圣殿             

    以西结预言而尚未建立的圣殿是以色列人建的,也是为以色列人建的。如果我们真正相信圣经是神所默示的,不把圣经的话打折扣,就可以看到这点,下面我们就慢慢的说明我们会为什么这样说。先是经文说,『那人对我说:「人子啊,凡我所指示你的,你都要用眼看,用耳听,并要放在心上。我带你到这里来,特为要指示你;凡你所见的,你都要告诉以色列家。」』(以西结书 40:4) 如果我们不把圣经的话打折扣,圣经是明说了要以西结告诉以色列家。有人就说,新约时代的所有基督徒就是以色列家,圣经从没有这样说过也没看到那些经节有这概念,只能说这是用人的看法去强解圣经啊!我们就看看圣经到底怎么说。    

    以西结书又说,『人子啊,你要将这殿指示以色列家,使他们因自己的罪孽惭愧,也要他们量殿的尺寸。』(以西结书 43:10) 接著又说,『他们若因自己所行的一切事惭愧,你就将殿的规模、样式、出入之处和一切形状、典章、礼仪、法则指示他们,在他们眼前写上,使他们遵照殿的一切规模典章去做。』 (以西结书 43:11) 是他们惭愧在先,而不是看著尺寸等因而惭愧!这就像约伯一样,要他先悔改,并为他的朋友们祷告,然后耶和华让他在苦境中转回,本末不要倒置啊!(参约伯记 42:1-10) 那么为什么会这么详细呢?因为终是要建造的,圣经上的预言没有最终不成就的,相信有关以西结圣殿的预言也会是如此,神是信实的。    

    照神借著圣经告诉我们是一致的看来,这情况是和摩西建会幕时相同的,耶和华那时晓谕摩西是多么的详细啊!祂且说得很清楚,要谨慎做这些物件,因为多次说,『都要照著在山上指示你的样式。』(出埃及记 25:40) 天上有实体,地上的是影子,影子要反应出实体,必须如此。如不详细的说明,怎么能如此建呢?再说到『以色列神的荣光从东而来。他的声音如同多水的声音,地就因他的荣耀发光。』(以西结书 43:2) 这神是指耶和华,因经文说得很清楚,『从此以后,这城的名字,必称为『耶和华(H3068)的所在(H4725)』。』(以西结书 48:35) 请注意,耶和华所在是两个字,在和合本中的以西结书 3:12 是说,『那时,灵将我举起,我就听见在我身后有震动轰轰的声音说:「从耶和华的所在(H4725)显出来的荣耀是该称颂的!」』汇编(Strong’s Concordance) 用的是一个字,这个字的确意谓著耶和华的所在。确定这一点,我们看了另一原文版本,在另一原文版本是用「那里(H8033)耶和华(H3068)」,这是一致的说是耶和华,而不是说三位一体的神。为什么这点这么重要的,因为犹太教只信耶和华不信三位一体的神,所以我们会说这预言中的圣殿是为信犹太教的以色列人所建。            

    以西结书也说到分地,我们看到殿是在所分的地的其中,因为经文说,『你们拈阄分地为业,要献上一分给耶和华为圣供地,长二万五千肘,宽一万肘。这分以内,四围都为圣地。要以肘为度量地,长二万五千肘,宽一万肘。其中有圣所,是至圣的。』(以西结书 45:1-3) 我们再看殿四围的地也是为以色列分的,共有十三份,其中包括了但支派,玛拿西支派,以法莲支派,和其余的十支派,是整个以色列的支派都有份 (参以西结书 48:1-34) 另外,这殿是有至圣所的,就如经文所说,『他量内殿,长二十肘,宽二十肘。他对我说:「这是至圣所。」』(以西结书 41:4) 从圣经的一致性来看,这应该是和所罗门圣殿中的至圣所一样的大小。关于所罗门的圣殿,『内殿,就是至圣所,长二十肘,从地到棚顶,用香柏木板遮蔽。内殿长二十肘,宽二十肘,高二十肘,墙面都贴上精金。又用香柏木做坛,包上精金。』(列王纪上 6:20) 也请注意,至圣所是立方体的。        #

    再看会幕的大小是长三十肘,宽十肘,高十肘(参出埃及记 26:15-22),虽圣经只说,『要使幔子垂在钩子下,把法柜抬进幔子内,这幔子要将圣所和至圣所隔开。』(出埃及记 26:33) 虽然这里并没有说到至圣所的大小,但宽和高已定,只有长没有说,从圣经的一致性来说,会幕的至圣所也应为立方体,也就是长十肘,宽十肘,高十肘,为所罗门圣殿的至圣所的各量度减半。这样分为至圣所和圣所即使从人的角度看也是非常合理的,我们就来看看其中的器具。『把施恩座安在至圣所内的法柜上。把桌子安在幔子外帐幕的北面,把灯台安在帐幕的南面,彼此相对。』(出埃及记 26:34-35) 除此之外,『要把(金香)坛放在法柜前的幔子外,对著法柜上的施恩座,就是我要与你相会的地方。』(出埃及记 30:6) 所以圣所的器具是比至圣所多一些的,应该占据较大的地方。    

    如果我们大约参照以西结书 40-42,其中说,『我见殿四围有墙,那人手拿量度的竿,长六肘,每肘是一肘零一掌。他用竿量墙,厚一竿,高一竿。』(以西结书 40:5) 基本上都是以竿为单位的。我们看到了圣殿的尺寸虽然大,仍可以被人建立的。因为犹太教并不相信耶稣是神,只相信耶和华,所以这殿是耶和华的所在,为犹太教的以色列人所建立的。这时以色列的外邦人会如『主耶和华说:以色列中的外邦人,就是身心未受割礼的,都不可入我的圣地。』(以西结书 44:9) 难怪这圣殿中会有如犹太教般的献祭,就如经文所说,『他对我说:「人子啊,主耶和华如此说:建造祭坛,为要在其上献燔祭洒血,(以西结书 43:18) 这是很合理的,因那时的以西结看到是犹太教。反过来看,新约时没有献祭,而这尚未建造的圣殿中有献祭,从神借著圣经告诉我们是一致的来讲,就知道这以色列民不是指新约时代的基督徒,而真正地在讲犹太教的以色列人。       

    至于殿的地点,我们看到『在神的异象中带我(以西结)到以色列地,安置在至高的山上;在山上的南边有仿佛一座城建立。那人对我说:「人子啊,凡我所指示你的,你都要用眼看,用耳听,并要放在心上。我带你到这里来,特为要指示你;凡你所见的,你都要告诉以色列家。」』(以西结书 40:2-4) 这里是明讲了要告诉以色列家。从圣经的一致性,我们知道以西结的圣殿是建在摩利亚山上,顺便一提,『殿的法则乃是如此:殿在山顶上,四围的全界要称为至圣。这就是殿的法则。』(以西结书 43:12) 有人照圣经所写的估计以西结圣殿的大小,发觉这样的圣殿不可能建在现有的摩利亚山顶,因此结论说这不是实际建造的,只能用灵意解经。但要知道以西结的圣殿是在未来才被建造,不能用现在的看见限制住了自己,而忘了神的大能。我们今天就先不看属灵的意义,只看圣经怎么说到未来会发生的事情。       

    我们首先看这些经文,『他带我回到殿门,见殿的门槛下有水往东流出(原来殿面朝东)。这水从槛下,由殿的右边,在祭坛的南边往下流。又量了一千肘,水便成了河,使我不能蹚过;因为水势涨起,成为可洑的水,不可蹚的河。』(以西结书 47:1-5) 现在摩利亚山上是没有河的,而那殿被建造的时候却是有的,这就说明了未来的地形有改变的事情。我们再看这节经文,『末后的日子,耶和华殿的山必坚立,超乎诸山,高举过于万岭,万民都要流归这山。』(以赛亚书 2:2) 照网上的资料,现在摩利亚山约 744 公尺,而橄榄山高为 811 公尺,那时耶和华殿的山超乎诸山,显然未来有地形变化的事情。       

    圣经在这点上说得很清楚,『那日,他的脚必站在耶路撒冷前面朝东的橄榄山上。这山必从中间分裂,自东至西,成为极大的谷。山的一半向北挪移,一半向南挪移。那日,必有活水从耶路撒冷出来,一半往东海流,一半往西海流。冬夏都是如此。』(撒迦利亚书 14:4-8) 有低下的地方就会有高起来的地方,那时摩利亚山是超乎诸山,显然是要高起来并且山顶变大,能够建造以西结的圣殿。因殿是在北边而城在南边,且中间隔著利未区(参以西结书 45:1-5, 48:15)。按照诗篇,那时『神是我们的避难所,是我们的力量,是我们在患难中随时的帮助!有一道河,这河的分汊,使神的城欢喜;这城就是至高者居住的圣所。』(诗篇 46:1-4) 在伊甸园是有河的 (参创世记 2:10-14),那时这里也有了河,这河是由殿流到城后而分汊。        

    至于什么时候会建造这尚未建立的圣殿呢?我们首先看到在启示录中第六印已打开,而在第七印要打开之前发生的事情:『此后,我看见四位天使站在地的四角,执掌地上四方的风,叫风不吹在地上、海上和树上。我又看见另有一位天使,从日出之地上来,拿著永生神的印。他就向那得著权柄能伤害地和海的四位天使大声喊著说:「地与海并树木,你们不可伤害,等我们印了我们神众仆人的额。」我听见以色列人各支派中受印的数目有十四万四千。』(启示录 7:1-4) 这受印的人当中没有但支派的人。(参启示录 7:5-8) 而以西结书所讲的圣殿及其分地包括了但支派,因此讲的是两件事情。以西结所讲尚未建立的圣殿应建造在耶稣再来发生地形变化的时候之后,『但主的日子要像贼来到一样。(彼得后书 3:10) 因此我们只能从圣经的话语中得到一个很大的未知区间,而不能够知道确实的时间。不过,因为这是和新天新地所发生的是两件事情,这也再一次确定了那圣殿是如以前所说,是以色列的犹太教所建造的,是犹太教未来要发生的事情。             

    最后我们来看一下启示录在新天新地时的新耶路撒冷,『我被圣灵感动,天使就带我到一座高大的山,将那由神那里从天而降的圣城耶路撒冷指示我。对我说话的,拿著金苇子当尺,要量那城和城门、城墙。城是四方的,长宽一样。天使用苇子量那城,共有四千里,长、宽、高都是一样;又量了城墙,按著人的尺寸,就是天使的尺寸,共有一百四十四肘。』(启示录 21:10-17) 我们看到这城是立方体的,是人手不能做的!而且『我未见城内有殿,因主神全能者和羔羊为城的殿。那城内又不用日月光照,因有神的荣耀光照,又有羔羊为城的灯。』(启示录 21:22-23) 虽然圣经没有明说,那立方体的城本身就应该是至圣所,因是和主神全能者和羔羊同在的地方,这怎么会还要有殿呢?    

    最近才知道有人看到这点,『城是精金的,如同明净的玻璃。』(启示录 21:18) 那不用日月光照的城,也给在城外的人些许光照,那些在城外的人只是能看到些许光照,却不能进城。这是圣经明说的,有人『可得权柄能到生命树那里,也能从门进城。城外有那些犬类、行邪术的、淫乱的、杀人的、拜偶像的,并一切喜好说谎言编造虚谎的。』(启示录 22:14-15) 这不像在圣经明说的第二次的死,『惟有胆怯的、不信的、可憎的、杀人的、淫乱的、行邪术的、拜偶像的和一切说谎话的,他们的分就在烧著硫磺的火湖里,这是第二次的死。』(启示录 21:8) 其中包括了那不信的,明说了那不信的都已在硫磺的火湖里。在启示录 22:15 没有包括那不信的,神是不会光照不信的人的,那些在城外的人是撒但成功的案例,因彼得说得很清楚,『你们的仇敌魔鬼,如同吼叫的狮子,遍地游行,寻找可吞吃的人。』(彼得前书 5:8) 如果撒但每次都知道会注定失败,彼得就不会这样说,『务要谨守、警醒(彼得前书 5:8) 另外,即使从人的看法,神在那时是不可能光照不信的人的,所以城外的是有这样的曾经信过的基督徒。虽然这样的看法和一些人的想法不一样,圣经的确是这样说,重要的是,我们要做那能进城的基督徒。

(你可以在『 https://a-christian-voice.com/ 』看到所有的文章,到这网站后要按『对属灵生命的了解』。) 

2079  預言聖殿的被毀和以西結預言的聖殿 -耶穌(31) (旋風著)

       聖經上提到了三個聖殿,就是所羅門建造的聖殿稱為第一聖殿,第二聖殿是指回歸時所羅巴伯立下根基而重建的聖殿,後為大希律所擴建,又有以西結預言而尚未建立的聖殿,最後是在新天新地中『…聖城新耶路撒冷由神那裏從天而降,…』(啓示錄 21:1-2) 『…未見城內有殿,因主神全能者和羔羊為城的殿。』(啓示錄 21:22)  在這裏,我們首先談到了第二聖殿被摧毀的預言,在其中我們簡單的介紹了前二個聖殿的歷史,然後我們將大部份時間用來討論以西結書中預言的未來聖殿。我們看到聖經中的預言沒有不應驗的,所以以西結的聖殿一定會被建造的,這是為什麼他連尺寸的大小都是這麼詳細的說明。因為非常困難在大綱中說清楚聖經是怎麼說的,所以我們不在大綱中簡介了,請直接到第二部份看看詳情。

1. 預言聖殿的被毀和聖殿簡史

                『有人談論聖殿是用美石和供物妝飾的,耶穌就說:「論到你們所看見的這一切,將來日子到了,在這裏沒有一塊石頭留在石頭上不被拆毀了。」』(路加福音 21:5-6)

           這裏所說的是第二聖殿被摧毀的預言,我們以前在「2067 窄門,耶路撒冷,醫治水臌的人,和自高的  -耶穌(20)」中討論過,在那裏,我們提到了這預言在歷史中是如何成就的,這裏就不多說了。我們現在就順便簡談一下聖殿的歷史。

             第一聖殿為所羅門所建,地點很清楚,『所羅門就在耶路撒冷、耶和華向他父大衞顯現的摩利亞山上,就是耶布斯人阿珥楠的禾場上、大衞所指定的地方預備好了,開工建造耶和華的殿。』(歷代志下 3:1) 。『大衞(指示所羅門)說:「這一切工作的樣式,都是耶和華用手劃出來使我明白的。」』(歷代志上 28:19) 開工的時間也清楚的記載,就是『所羅門作王第四年二月初二日開工建造。』(歷代志下 3:2) 也就是『所羅門在位第四年西弗月,立了耶和華殿的根基。』(列王紀上 6:37) 『到十一年布勒月,就是八月,殿和一切屬殿的都按着樣式造成。他建殿的工夫共有七年。』(列王紀上 6:38) 這殿宇是金碧輝煌,就如所羅門所說,『我所要建造的殿宇甚大,因為我們的神至大,超乎諸神。』(歷代志下 2:5)

                 這第一聖殿的被毀是在『西底家…在耶路撒冷作王十一年』時 (歷代志下 36:11),那時『迦勒底人焚燒神的殿,拆毀耶路撒冷的城牆,用火燒了城裏的宮殿,毀壞了城裏寶貴的器皿。』(歷代志下 36:19) 第一聖殿獻殿時曾將約櫃抬入,其過程在歷代志下 5:2-7:10 中有詳細的記載。所以那時約櫃還在的,聖經沒有講約櫃是什麼時候失踪的,最後一次是提到在天上的約櫃,『當時,神天上的殿開了,在他殿中現出他的約櫃,隨後有閃電、聲音、雷轟、地震、大雹。』(啓示錄 11:19) 請注意,那時『因耶和華的榮光充滿了耶和華殿,所以祭司不能進殿。』(歷代志下 7:2) 在所羅門的聖殿獻殿時是有耶和華的榮光的。這和當初摩西建造會幕完工時相似,『當時,雲彩遮蓋會幕,耶和華的榮光就充滿了帳幕。摩西不能進會幕,因為雲彩停在其上,並且耶和華的榮光充滿了帳幕。』(出埃及記 40:34-35) 以西結預言的聖殿中,也是如此,『我觀看,見耶和華的榮光充滿耶和華的殿,我就俯伏在地。』(以西結書 44:4) 這些都明顯的看見了耶和華的同在。但重建為第二聖殿時,就沒有見到如此。

                第二聖殿是指在波斯王塞魯士元年歸回的時候重建的所羅門的聖殿,是先在原有的根基上築壇,然後所羅巴伯才將耶和華殿的根基立定。(參以斯拉記 3:1-11) 這時殿的根基大概已不太相同,因『…有許多祭司、利未人、族長,就是見過舊殿的老年人,現在親眼看見立這殿的根基,便大聲哭號,也有許多人大聲歡呼。』(以斯拉記 3:12) 大聲歡呼是因為聖殿要重建了。直到『大利烏王第六年,亞達月初三日,這殿修成了。』(以斯拉記 6:15) 殿建了這麼久,因為曾被強迫停止過,雖然聖經沒有明說停止的過程,但提到了『在亞哈隨魯才登基的時候,上本控告猶大和耶路撒冷的居民。』(以斯拉記 4:6) 『於是,在耶路撒冷神殿的工程就停止了,直停到波斯王大利烏第二年。』(以斯拉記 4:24) 最後是『那時,撒拉鐵的兒子所羅巴伯和約撒答的兒子大祭司約書亞,並剩下的百姓,都聽從耶和華他們神的話,和先知哈該奉耶和華他們神差來所說的話;百姓也在耶和華面前存敬畏的心。耶和華激動猶大省長撒拉鐵的兒子所羅巴伯和約撒答的兒子大祭司約書亞,並剩下之百姓的心,他們就來為萬軍之耶和華他們神的殿做工。這是在大利烏王第二年六月二十四日。』(哈該書 1:12-15) 雖然聖經沒有明講殿的建造被停止的過程,但在以斯拉記 4:7-23,插了一段關於建城時被『用勢力強迫他們停工』(以斯拉記 23) 的類似情況,有興趣的人請看那一段的歷史。

    那時,『以色列的祭司和利未人並其餘被擄歸回的人,都歡歡喜喜地行奉獻神殿的禮。』(以斯拉記 6:16) 請注意,這時的第二聖殿並沒有記載有耶和華的榮光顯現。然後是大希律修理並擴充了聖殿,就如經文所說,『…這殿是四十六年才造成的,你三日內就再建立起來嗎?』(約翰福音 2:20) 『但耶穌這話,是以他的身體為殿。所以到他從死裏復活以後,門徒就想起他說過這話,便信了聖經和耶穌所說的。』(約翰福音 2:21-22) 門徒跟隨祂三年多,但要到真正看到祂復活後才真正相信祂說的話,信是一件很不容易的事情。在這裏我們也看到了基督徒是要回想的,才可以明白聖靈當時為什麼會這麼做。即使不明瞭也要順服,要知道聖靈如此做,本是為我們的益處。『耶和華說:「我的意念非同你們的意念,我的道路非同你們的道路。天怎樣高過地,照樣,我的道路高過你們的道路,我的意念高過你們的意念。雨雪從天而降,並不返回,卻滋潤地土,使地上發芽結實,使撒種的有種,使要吃的有糧。』(以賽亞書 55:8-10) 

    最後就是歷史告訴我們,在主後約七十年,羅馬人將這第二聖殿如這預言所說的摧毀了 !  又有以西結預言而尚未建立的聖殿,在新天新地中『…聖城新耶路撒冷由神那裏從天而降,…』(啓示錄 21:1-2) 我們等會看到,以西結的聖殿雖大,仍可被人手建造,而新城耶路撒冷是不可能被人手所建造的,那時是 『…未見城內有殿,因主神全能者和羔羊為城的殿。』(啓示錄 21:22)  在會幕和所羅門的聖殿的至聖所都有約櫃代表了耶和華的同在,在新城裏,『…有神和羔羊的寶座,他的僕人都要事奉他,也要見他的面。(啓示錄 22:3-4) 祂們已經同在,這樣我們怎麼還需要殿呢?

2. 以西結預言的聖殿

             以西結預言而尚未建立的聖殿是以色列人建的,也是為以色列人建的。如果我們真正相信聖經是神所默示的,不把聖經的話打折扣,就可以看到這點,下面我們就慢慢的說明我們會為什麼這樣說。先是經文說,『那人對我說:「人子啊,凡我所指示你的,你都要用眼看,用耳聽,並要放在心上。我帶你到這裏來,特為要指示你;凡你所見的,你都要告訴以色列家。」』(以西結書 40:4) 如果我們不把聖經的話打折扣,聖經是明說了要以西結告訴以色列家。有人就說,新約時代的所有基督徒就是以色列家,聖經從沒有這樣說過也沒看到那些經節有這概念,只能說這是用人的看法去強解聖經啊!我們就看看聖經到底怎麼說。

    以西結書又說,『人子啊,你要將這殿指示以色列家,使他們因自己的罪孽慚愧,也要他們量殿的尺寸。』(以西結書 43:10) 接著又說,『他們若因自己所行的一切事慚愧,你就將殿的規模、樣式、出入之處和一切形狀、典章、禮儀、法則指示他們,在他們眼前寫上,使他們遵照殿的一切規模典章去做。』 (以西結書 43:11) 是他們慚愧在先,而不是看著尺寸等因而慚愧!這就像約伯一樣,要他先悔改,並為他的朋友們禱告,然後耶和華讓他在苦境中轉回,本末不要倒置啊!(參約伯記 42:1-10) 那麼為什麼會這麼詳細呢?因為終是要建造的,聖經上的預言沒有最終不成就的,相信有關以西結聖殿的預言也會是如此,神是信實的。

    照神藉著聖經告訴我們是一致的看來,這情況是和摩西建會幕時相同的,耶和華那時曉諭摩西是多麼的詳細啊!祂且說得很清楚,要謹慎做這些物件,因為多次說,『…都要照着在山上指示你的樣式。』(出埃及記 25:40) 天上有實體,地上的是影子,影子要反應出實體,必須如此。如不詳細的說明,怎麼能如此建呢?再說到『以色列神的榮光從東而來。他的聲音如同多水的聲音,地就因他的榮耀發光。』(以西結書 43:2) 這神是指耶和華,因經文說得很清楚,『…從此以後,這城的名字,必稱為『耶和華(H3068)的所在(H4725)』。』(以西結書 48:35) 請注意,耶和華所在是兩個字,在和合本中的以西結書 3:12 是說,『那時,靈將我舉起,我就聽見在我身後有震動轟轟的聲音說:「從耶和華的所在(H4725)顯出來的榮耀是該稱頌的!」』彙編(Strong’s Concordance) 用的是一個字,這個字的確意謂著耶和華的所在。確定這一點,我們看了另一原文版本,在另一原文版本是用「那裏(H8033)耶和華(H3068)」,這是一致的說是耶和華,而不是說三位一體的神。為什麼這點這麼重要的,因為猶太教只信耶和華不信三位一體的神,所以我們會說這預言中的聖殿是為信猶太教的以色列人所建。

            以西結書也說到分地,我們看到殿是在所分的地的其中,因為經文說,『你們拈鬮分地為業,要獻上一分給耶和華為聖供地,長二萬五千肘,寬一萬肘。這分以內,四圍都為聖地。…要以肘為度量地,長二萬五千肘,寬一萬肘。其中有聖所,是至聖的。』(以西結書 45:1-3) 我們再看殿四圍的地也是為以色列分的,共有十三份,其中包括了但支派,瑪拿西支派,以法蓮支派,和其餘的十支派,是整個以色列的支派都有份 (參以西結書 48:1-34) 另外,這殿是有至聖所的,就如經文所說,『他量內殿,長二十肘,寬二十肘。他對我說:「這是至聖所。」』(以西結書 41:4) 從聖經的一致性來看,這應該是和所羅門聖殿中的至聖所一樣的大小。關於所羅門的聖殿,『內殿,就是至聖所,長二十肘,從地到棚頂,用香柏木板遮蔽。內殿長二十肘,寬二十肘,高二十肘,牆面都貼上精金。又用香柏木做壇,包上精金。』(列王紀上 6:20) 也請注意,至聖所是立方體的。

       再看會幕的大小是長三十肘,寬十肘,高十肘(參出埃及記 26:15-22),雖聖經只說,『要使幔子垂在鈎子下,把法櫃抬進幔子內,這幔子要將聖所和至聖所隔開。』(出埃及記 26:33) 雖然這裏並沒有說到至聖所的大小,但寬和高已定,只有長沒有說,從聖經的一致性來說,會幕的至聖所也應為立方體,也就是長十肘,寬十肘,高十肘,為所羅門聖殿的至聖所的各量度減半。這樣分為至聖所和聖所即使從人的角度看也是非常合理的,我們就來看看其中的器具。『…把施恩座安在至聖所內的法櫃上。把桌子安在幔子外帳幕的北面,把燈台安在帳幕的南面,彼此相對。』(出埃及記 26:34-35) 除此之外,『要把(金香)壇放在法櫃前的幔子外,對着法櫃上的施恩座,就是我要與你相會的地方。』(出埃及記 30:6) 所以聖所的器具是比至聖所多一些的,應該佔據較大的地方。

    如果我們大約參照以西結書 40-42,其中說,『我見殿四圍有牆,那人手拿量度的竿,長六肘,每肘是一肘零一掌。他用竿量牆,厚一竿,高一竿。』(以西結書 40:5) 基本上都是以竿為單位的。我們看到了聖殿的尺寸雖然大,仍可以被人建立的。因為猶太教並不相信耶穌是神,只相信耶和華,所以這殿是耶和華的所在,為猶太教的以色列人所建立的。這時以色列的外邦人會如『主耶和華…說:以色列中的外邦人,就是身心未受割禮的,都不可入我的聖地。』(以西結書 44:9) 難怪這聖殿中會有如猶太教般的獻祭,就如經文所說,『他對我說:「人子啊,主耶和華如此說:建造祭壇,為要在其上獻燔祭灑血,…』(以西結書 43:18) 這是很合理的,因那時的以西結看到是猶太教。反過來看,新約時沒有獻祭,而這尚未建造的聖殿中有獻祭,從神藉著聖經告訴我們是一致的來講,就知道這以色列民不是指新約時代的基督徒,而真正地在講猶太教的以色列人。

       至於殿的地點,我們看到『在神的異象中帶我(以西結)到以色列地,安置在至高的山上;在山上的南邊有彷彿一座城建立。…那人對我說:「人子啊,凡我所指示你的,你都要用眼看,用耳聽,並要放在心上。我帶你到這裏來,特為要指示你;凡你所見的,你都要告訴以色列家。」』(以西結書 40:2-4) 這裏是明講了要告訴以色列家。從聖經的一致性,我們知道以西結的聖殿是建在摩利亞山上,順便一提,『殿的法則乃是如此:殿在山頂上,四圍的全界要稱為至聖。這就是殿的法則。』(以西結書 43:12) 有人照聖經所寫的估計以西結聖殿的大小,發覺這樣的聖殿不可能建在現有的摩利亞山頂,因此結論說這不是實際建造的,只能用靈意解經。但要知道以西結的聖殿是在未來才被建造,不能用現在的看見限制住了自己,而忘了神的大能。我們今天就先不看屬靈的意義,只看聖經怎麼說到未來會發生的事情。

       我們首先看這些經文,『他帶我回到殿門,見殿的門檻下有水往東流出(原來殿面朝東)。這水從檻下,由殿的右邊,在祭壇的南邊往下流。…又量了一千肘,水便成了河,使我不能蹚過;因為水勢漲起,成為可洑的水,不可蹚的河。』(以西結書 47:1-5) 現在摩利亞山上是沒有河的,而那殿被建造的時候卻是有的,這就說明了未來的地形有改變的事情。我們再看這節經文,『末後的日子,耶和華殿的山必堅立,超乎諸山,高舉過於萬嶺,萬民都要流歸這山。』(以賽亞書 2:2) 照網上的資料,現在摩利亞山約 744 公尺,而橄欖山高為 811 公尺,那時耶和華殿的山超乎諸山,顯然未來有地形變化的事情。

       聖經在這點上說得很清楚,『那日,他的腳必站在耶路撒冷前面朝東的橄欖山上。這山必從中間分裂,自東至西,成為極大的谷。山的一半向北挪移,一半向南挪移。…那日,必有活水從耶路撒冷出來,一半往東海流,一半往西海流。冬夏都是如此。』(撒迦利亞書 14:4-8) 有低下的地方就會有高起來的地方,那時摩利亞山是超乎諸山,顯然是要高起來並且山頂變大,能夠建造以西結的聖殿。因殿是在北邊而城在南邊,且中間隔著利未區(參以西結書 45:1-5, 48:15)。按照詩篇,那時『神是我們的避難所,是我們的力量,是我們在患難中隨時的幫助!…有一道河,這河的分汊,使神的城歡喜;這城就是至高者居住的聖所。』(詩篇 46:1-4) 在伊甸園是有河的 (參創世記 2:10-14),那時這裏也有了河,這河是由殿流到城後而分汊。

        至於什麼時候會建造這尚未建立的聖殿呢?我們首先看到在啓示錄中第六印已打開,而在第七印要打開之前發生的事情:『此後,我看見四位天使站在地的四角,執掌地上四方的風,叫風不吹在地上、海上和樹上。我又看見另有一位天使,從日出之地上來,拿着永生神的印。他就向那得着權柄能傷害地和海的四位天使大聲喊着說:「地與海並樹木,你們不可傷害,等我們印了我們神眾僕人的額。」我聽見以色列人各支派中受印的數目有十四萬四千。』(啓示錄 7:1-4) 這受印的人當中沒有但支派的人。(參啓示錄 7:5-8) 而以西結書所講的聖殿及其分地包括了但支派,因此講的是兩件事情。以西結所講尚未建立的聖殿應建造在耶穌再來發生地形變化的時候之後,『但主的日子要像賊來到一樣。…』(彼得後書 3:10) 因此我們只能從聖經的話語中得到一個很大的未知區間,而不能夠知道確實的時間。不過,因為這是和新天新地所發生的是兩件事情,這也再一次確定了那聖殿是如以前所說,是以色列的猶太教所建造的,是猶太教未來要發生的事情。

             最後我們來看一下啓示錄在新天新地時的新耶路撒冷,『我被聖靈感動,天使就帶我到一座高大的山,將那由神那裏從天而降的聖城耶路撒冷指示我。…對我說話的,拿着金葦子當尺,要量那城和城門、城牆。城是四方的,長寬一樣。天使用葦子量那城,共有四千里,長、寬、高都是一樣;又量了城牆,按着人的尺寸,就是天使的尺寸,共有一百四十四肘。』(啓示錄 21:10-17) 我們看到這城是立方體的,是人手不能做的!而且『我未見城內有殿,因主神全能者和羔羊為城的殿。那城內又不用日月光照,因有神的榮耀光照,又有羔羊為城的燈。』(啓示錄 21:22-23) 雖然聖經沒有明說,那立方體的城本身就應該是至聖所,因是和主神全能者和羔羊同在的地方,這怎麼會還要有殿呢?

    最近才知道有人看到這點,『…城是精金的,如同明淨的玻璃。』(啓示錄 21:18) 那不用日月光照的城,也給在城外的人些許光照,那些在城外的人只是能看到些許光照,卻不能進城。這是聖經明說的,有人『…可得權柄能到生命樹那裏,也能從門進城。城外有那些犬類、行邪術的、淫亂的、殺人的、拜偶像的,並一切喜好說謊言編造虛謊的。』(啓示錄 22:14-15) 這不像在聖經明說的第二次的死,『惟有膽怯的、不信的、可憎的、殺人的、淫亂的、行邪術的、拜偶像的和一切說謊話的,他們的分就在燒着硫磺的火湖裏,這是第二次的死。』(啓示錄 21:8) 其中包括了那不信的,明說了那不信的都已在硫磺的火湖裏。在啓示錄 22:15 沒有包括那不信的,神是不會光照不信的人的,那些在城外的人是撒但成功的案例,因彼得說得很清楚,『你們的仇敵魔鬼,如同吼叫的獅子,遍地遊行,尋找可吞吃的人。』(彼得前書 5:8) 如果撒但每次都知道會注定失敗,彼得就不會這樣說,『務要謹守、警醒(彼得前書 5:8) 另外,即使從人的看法,神在那時是不可能光照不信的人的,所以城外的是有這樣的曾經信過的基督徒。雖然這樣的看法和一些人的想法不一樣,聖經的確是這樣說,重要的是,我們要做那能進城的基督徒。

(你可以在『 https://a-christian-voice.com/ 』看到所有的文章,到這網站後要按『對屬靈生命的瞭解』。)

1079 Prophecy of the destruction of the temple and the temple prophesied by Ezekiel – Jesus (31) (by Whirlwind)

The Bible mentions three temples. The temple built by Solomon is called the First Temple. The Second Temple refers to the temple that Zerubbabel laid the foundation and rebuilt when returned. It was later expanded by Herod the Great, and there is the temple that Ezekiel prophesied but has not yet been built, and finally in the new heaven and new earth, “…the holy city, new Jerusalem, coming down out of heaven from God, …” (Revelation 21:1-2) “…no temple in it, for the Lord God the Almighty and the Lamb are its temple.”(Revelation 21:22) Here, we first talk about the prophecy of the destruction of the Second Temple, in which we briefly introduced the history of the first two temples, and then we spent most of the time discussing Ezekiel’s future temple prophesied in the book of Ezekiel.  We see that all the prophecies in the Bible are fulfilled, so Ezekiel’s temple will definitely be built. This is why he even explained its construction in such detail.  Because it is very difficult to explain clearly what the Bible says in the outline, we will not introduce it in the outline. Please go directly to Part 2 for details.

1. Prophecy of the destruction of the Temple and brief history of the Temple

“And while some were talking about the temple, that it was adorned with beautiful stones and votive gifts, He said, “As for these things which you are looking at, the days will come in which there will not be left one stone upon another which will not be torn down.””(Luke 21:5-6)

What is being spoken of here is the prophecy of the destruction of the Second Temple, which we have previously discussed in “1067 Narrow Gate, Jerusalem, Healing Dropsy, and Self Exalted – Jesus (20),” where we mentioned how this prophecy was fulfilled in history, and I won’t go into detail here.  Let us now briefly discuss the history of the Temple.​

The first temple was built by Solomon, and the location is clear: “Then Solomon began to build the house of the LORD in Jerusalem on Mount Moriah, where the LORD had appeared to his father David, at the place that David had prepared on the threshing floor of Ornan the Jebusite.”(2 Chronicles 3:1). ““All this,” said David, “the LORD made me understand in writing by His hand upon me, all the details of this pattern.””(1 Chronicles 28:19) The time when the work began is also clearly recorded, “He began to build on the second day in the second month of the fourth year of his reign.” (2 Chronicles 3:2) That is, “In the fourth year the foundation of the house of the LORD was laid, in the month of Ziv.”(1 Kings 6:37) It was finished as the scripture says, “In the eleventh year, in the month of Bul, which is the eighth month, the house was finished throughout all its parts and according to all its plans. So he was seven years in building it.”(1 Kings 6:38) This temple is splendid, just as Solomon said, “The house which I am about to build will be great, for greater is our God than all the gods.”(2 Chronicles 2:5)​

The destruction of this first temple occurred when “Zedekiah …reigned eleven years in Jerusalem.”(2 Chronicles 36:11) The Chaldeans “burned the house of God and broke down the wall of Jerusalem, and burned all its fortified buildings with fire and destroyed all its valuable articles.”(2 Chronicles 36:19) The Ark of the Covenant was brought in when the First Temple was dedicated, and the process is recorded in detail in 2 Chronicles 5:2-7:10.  So the Ark of the Covenant was still there at that time. The Bible does not tell when the Ark of the Covenant disappeared. The last time it mentioned the Ark of the Covenant is in heaven, “And the temple of God which is in heaven was opened; and the ark of His covenant appeared in His temple, and there were flashes of lightning and sounds and peals of thunder and an earthquake and a great hailstorm.”(Revelation 11:19) Please note that at that time, “The priests could not enter into the house of the LORD because the glory of the LORD filled the LORD’S house.”(2 Chronicles 7:2) Therefore, there was the glory of the Lord when Solomon’s temple was dedicated.  This is similar to the situation when Moses finished building the tabernacle, “Then the cloud covered the tent of meeting, and the glory of the LORD filled the tabernacle. Moses was not able to enter the tent of meeting because the cloud had settled on it, and the glory of the LORD filled the tabernacle.”(Exodus 40:34-35) The same was true in the temple prophesied by Ezekiel, “…I looked, and behold, the glory of the LORD filled the house of the LORD, and I fell on my face.”(Ezekiel 44:4) These all clearly saw the presence of the Lord.  But when it was rebuilt as the Second Temple, the glory of the LORD was not seen.

The Second Temple refers to the Temple of Solomon that was rebuilt when King Cyrus of Persia was in the first year of his reign. The altar was first built on the original foundation, and then Zerubbabel laid the foundation of the Temple of the Lord.  (See Ezra 3:1-11) The foundation of the temple at this time was probably not the same, because “Yet many of the priests and Levites and heads of fathers’ households, the old men who had seen the first temple, wept with a loud voice when the foundation of this house was laid before their eyes, while many shouted aloud for joy.”(Ezra 3:12) The reason for shouting loudly for joy is that the temple will be rebuilt.

Much later, “This temple was completed on the third day of the month Adar; it was the sixth year of the reign of King Darius.”(Ezra 6:15) The construction of the temple took so long because it was forced to stop. Although the Bible does not clearly explain the process of stopping, it does mention that “Now in the reign of Ahasuerus, in the beginning of his reign, they wrote an accusation against the inhabitants of Judah and Jerusalem.”(Ezra 4:6) “Then work on the house of God in Jerusalem ceased, and it was stopped until the second year of the reign of Darius king of Persia.”(Ezra 4:24) So finally, “Then Zerubbabel the son of Shealtiel, and Joshua the son of Jehozadak, the high priest, with all the remnant of the people, obeyed the voice of the LORD their God and the words of Haggai the prophet, as the LORD their God had sent him. And the people showed reverence for the LORD. …So the LORD stirred up the spirit of Zerubbabel the son of Shealtiel, governor of Judah, and the spirit of Joshua the son of Jehozadak, the high priest, and the spirit of all the remnant of the people; and they came and worked on the house of the LORD of hosts, their God, on the twenty-fourth day of the sixth month in the second year of Darius the king.”(Haggai 1:12-15) Although the Bible does not explicitly mention the process of stopping the construction of the temple, in Ezra 4:7-23, a paragraph is inserted about the construction of the city when “…they went in haste to Jerusalem to the Jews and stopped them by force of arms.”(Ezra 23). If you are interested in this, please read that period of history.

At that time, “…the sons of Israel, the priests, the Levites and the rest of the exiles, celebrated the dedication of this house of God with joy.”(Ezra 6:16) Please note that there is no record of the glory of Jehovah appearing in the Second Temple at this time.  Then Herod the Great repaired and expanded the temple, as the scripture says, “…It took forty-six years to build this temple, and will You raise it up in three days?”(John 2:20) “But He (Jesus) was speaking of the temple of His body. So when He was raised from the dead, His disciples remembered that He said this; and they believed the Scripture and the word which Jesus had spoken.”(John 2:21-22) The disciples followed Him for more than three years, but they did not truly believe what He said until they actually saw His resurrection. Having faith is not easy. 

Here we also see that Christians need to think back before they can understand why the Holy Spirit did what they did.  We must obey even if we don’t understand. We must know that the Holy Spirit does this for our benefit. ““For My thoughts are not your thoughts, Nor are your ways My ways,” declares the LORD. “For as the heavens are higher than the earth, So are My ways higher than your ways And My thoughts than your thoughts. “For as the rain and the snow come down from heaven, And do not return there without watering the earth And making it bear and sprout, And furnishing seed to the sower and bread to the eater.”(Isaiah 55:8-10)

Finally, history tells us that in about 70 AD, the Romans destroyed the second temple as predicted by this prophecy! There is also a temple that Ezekiel prophesied but has not yet built. Eventually, in the new heaven and new earth, “the holy city, new Jerusalem, coming down out of heaven from God, …”(Revelation 21:1-2) We will see later that although Ezekiel’s temple was large, it could still be built with human hands, but the new city Jerusalem cannot be built with human hands. At that time, “I saw no temple in it, for the Lord God the Almighty and the Lamb are its temple.”(Revelation 21:22) In the tabernacle of the meeting and in the Holy of Holies of Solomon’s temple, there was the ark of the covenant, which represented the presence of the Lord. In the new city, “…the throne of God and of the Lamb will be in it, and His bond-servants will serve Him; they will see His face, …”(Revelation 22:3-4) They are already with us, so why do we still need a temple?

2. The temple prophesied by Ezekiel

The temple that Ezekiel prophesied but had not yet built was built by the Israelites and for the Israelites.  If we truly believe that the Bible is inspired by God and do not discount its words, we can see this. Below we will slowly explain why we say this.  First, the scripture says, “The man said to me, “Son of man, see with your eyes, hear with your ears, and give attention to all that I am going to show you; for you have been brought here in order to show it to you. Declare to the house of Israel all that you see.””(Ezekiel 40:4) If we do not discount the words of the Bible, the Bible clearly says that Ezekiel should tell it to the house of Israel.  Some people say that all Christians in the New Testament era are the house of Israel. The Bible has never said this and has not seen this concept in verses. We can only say that this is a forced interpretation of the Bible using human opinions!  Let’s see what the Bible actually says.

Ezekiel also says, ““As for you, son of man, describe the temple to the house of Israel, that they may be ashamed of their iniquities; and let them measure the plan.”(Ezekiel 43:10) Then he said, “As for you, son of man, describe the temple to the house of Israel, that they may be ashamed of their iniquities; and let them measure the plan.”(Ezekiel 43:11) They were ashamed first, not because they looked at the size and so on!  This is like Job. He was repented first and prayed for his friends, and then Jehovah allowed him to turn around in his plight. Don’t put the cart before the horse!  (See Job 42:1-10) So why is it so detailed?  Because it will eventually be built. All prophecies in the Bible will eventually come true. The prophecy about Ezekiel’s temple will be the same, since God is faithful. ​

According to what God tells us through the Bible is consistent, this situation should be the same as the time when Moses built the tabernacle. How detailed the instructions that the   Lord told Moses were at that time!  He also made it very clear that these items should be made carefully, for He said many times, “…you make them after the pattern for them, which was shown to you on the mountain.”(Exodus 25:40) There is the reality in heaven, and the shadow of it on the earth. The shadow must reflect reality, and this must be the case.  How could it be built like this without detailed explanation? 

Again, “and behold, the glory of the God of Israel was coming from the way of the east. And His voice was like the sound of many waters; and the earth shone with His glory.”(Ezekiel 43:2) This God refers to Jehovah, because the scriptures make it clear, “…and the name of the city from that day shall be, ‘The LORD (H3068) is there (H4725).’” (Ezekiel 48:35) Please note that the word in Ezekiel 3:12, “…Blessed be the glory of the LORD in His place (H4725).” Strong’s Concordance uses one word, and this word does mean the place of the Lord.  To confirm this, we looked at another original text version. In the other original text version, “there (H8033) the Lord (H3068)” is used, which is consistent with saying that it is Jehovah, not the Trinity God.  Why is this so important? Because Judaism only believes in Jehovah and not the Trinity, so we would say that the temple in this prophecy was built for the Israelites who believed in Judaism.

The book of Ezekiel also talks about the allotment of land. We see that the temple is in the allotment of land, because the scripture says, “And when you divide by lot the land for inheritance, you shall offer an allotment to the LORD, a holy portion of the land; …From this area you shall measure a length of 25,000 cubits and a width of 10,000 cubits; and in it shall be the sanctuary, the most holy place.”(Ezekiel 45:1-3) Let’s look at the land around the temple that was also divided for Israel. There were thirteen portions in total, including the tribe of Dan, the tribe of Manasseh, the tribe of Ephraim, and the remaining ten tribes. All the tribes of Israel have a share (see Ezekiel 48:1-34) In addition, this temple has the Holy of Holies, as the scripture says, “He measured its length, twenty cubits, and the width, twenty cubits, before the nave; and he said to me, “This is the most holy place.””(Ezekiel 41:4) From the consistency of the Bible, this should be the same proportion as the Holy of Holies in Solomon’s Temple.  Concerning Solomon’s temple, “The inner sanctuary was twenty cubits in length, twenty cubits in width, and twenty cubits in height, and he overlaid it with pure gold. He also overlaid the altar with cedar.”(1 Kings 6:20) Please also note that the Holy of Holies was cube-shaped.

Looking at the size of the tabernacle, it is thirty cubits long, ten cubits wide, and ten cubits high (see Exodus 26:15-22). Although the Bible only says, “You shall hang up the veil under the clasps, and shall bring in the ark of the testimony there within the veil; and the veil shall serve for you as a partition between the holy place and the holy of holies.”(Exodus 26:33) Although the size of the Holy of Holies is not mentioned here, the width and height have been determined, and only the length is not mentioned. From the consistency of the Bible, the Holy of Holies of the tabernacle should also be the cube, that is, ten cubits long, ten cubits wide, and ten cubits high, which was half the measure of the Holy of Holies in Solomon’s Temple.  This division into the Holy of Holies and the Holy Place is very reasonable even from a human perspective. Let’s take a look at the utensils in it. “You shall put the mercy seat on the ark of the testimony in the holy of holies. You shall set the table outside the veil, and the lampstand opposite the table on the side of the tabernacle toward the south; and you shall put the table on the north side.”(Exodus 26:34-35) In addition, “You shall put this altar (of gold incense) in front of the veil that is near the ark of the testimony, in front of the mercy seat that is over the ark of the testimony, where I will meet with you.”(Exodus 30:6) Therefore, the Holy Place has more utensils than the Holy of Holies and should occupy a larger space.

If we refer roughly to Ezekiel 40-42 which tells the size of the temple, it says in Ezekiel 40:5, “And behold, there was a wall on the outside of the temple all around, and in the man’s hand was a measuring rod of six cubits, each of which was a cubit and a handbreadth. So he measured the thickness of the wall, one rod; and the height, one rod.” So the basic unit is rod.  We saw that despite the size of the temple, it could still be built.  Because Judaism does not believe that Jesus is God, but only believes in Jehovah, this temple is where Jehovah is and was built for the Jewish Israelites.  At this time, the Gentiles in Israel will be like, “Thus says the Lord GOD, “No foreigner uncircumcised in heart and uncircumcised in flesh, of all the foreigners who are among the sons of Israel, shall enter My sanctuary.” (Ezekiel 44:9) No wonder there are Jewish-like sacrifices in this temple, as the scripture says, “And He said to me, “Son of man, thus says the Lord GOD, ‘These are the statutes for the altar on the day it is built, to offer burnt offerings on it and to sprinkle blood on it.”(Ezekiel 43:18) This is very reasonable, because Ezekiel at that time saw only Judaism. On the other hand, there were no sacrifices anymore in the New Covenant, but there are sacrifices in the temple. From the fact that what God tells us through the Bible is consistent, we know that the people of Israel does not refer to the Christians of the New Testament era, but truly refers to the Israelites in Judaism.

As for the location of the temple, we see that “In the visions of God He brought me (Ezekiel) into the land of Israel and set me on a very high mountain, and on it to the south there was a structure like a city. …The man said to me, “Son of man, see with your eyes, hear with your ears, and give attention to all that I am going to show you; for you have been brought here in order to show it to you. Declare to the house of Israel all that you see.””(Ezekiel 40:2-4) First, here it is clearly stated that you will tell it to the house of Israel.  Second, from the consistency of Scripture, we know that Ezekiel’s temple was built on Mount Moriah, and by the way, “This is the law of the house: its entire area on the top of the mountain all around shall be most holy. Behold, this is the law of the house.”(Ezekiel 43:12)

Some people estimated the size of Ezekiel’s temple based on what is written in the Bible and found that such a temple could not be built on the existing Mount Moriah. Therefore, they concluded that it was not actually built but could only interpret the Bible spiritually.  But you must know that Ezekiel’s temple will be built in the future. You cannot limit yourself with what you see now and forget the power of God.  Let’s not look at the spiritual meaning today, but just look at what the Bible says about what will happen in the future. ​

Let’s first look at these verses, “Then he brought me back to the door of the house; and behold, water was flowing from under the threshold of the house toward the east, for the house faced east. And the water was flowing down from under, from the right side of the house, from south of the altar. …Again he measured a thousand; and it was a river that I could not ford, for the water had risen, enough water to swim in, a river that could not be forded.”(Ezekiel 47:1-5) There is no river on Mount Moriah now, but there will be one when the temple is built. This shows that the terrain will change in the future.  Let’s now look at this verse, “Now it will come about that In the last daysThe mountain of the house of the LORD Will be established as the chief of the mountains, And will be raised above the hills; And all the nations will stream to it.”(Isaiah 2:2) According to the information on the Internet, Mount Moriah is now about 744 meters high, while the Mount of Olives is 811 meters high. At that time, the mountain of the Temple of the Lord was higher than the other mountains. Obviously, there will be changes in the terrain in the future.

The Bible is very clear on this point, “In that day His feet will stand on the Mount of Olives, which is in front of Jerusalem on the east; and the Mount of Olives will be split in its middle from east to west by a very large valley, so that half of the mountain will move toward the north and the other half toward the south. …And in that day living waters will flow out of Jerusalem, half of them toward the eastern sea and the other half toward the western sea; it will be in summer as well as in winter.”(Zechariah 14:4-8) Wherever there is a low place, there will be a high place in that large earthquake. At that time, Mount Moriah will be higher than all the mountains. It is obviously going to be high and the top of the mountain will become bigger, so that it will be large enough to build the temple Ezekiel prophesied.  Note that the temple is on the north and the city is on the south, with the Levitical district separated in between (see Ezekiel 45:1-5, 48:15).  According to the Psalms, then “…God is our refuge and strength, A very present help in trouble. …There is a river whose streams make glad the city of God, The holy dwelling places of the Most High.”(Psalm 46:1-4) There was a river in the Garden of Eden (see Genesis 2:10-14). There was also a river here at that time whose streams make glad the city of God. Thus, the river flowed from the temple to the back of the city and branched.

As for when this yet-to-be-built temple will be built?  We first see in Revelation regarding what happened before the sixth seal was opened and before the seventh seal was opened: “After this I saw four angels standing at the four corners of the earth, holding back the four winds of the earth, so that no wind would blow on the earth or on the sea or on any tree. And I saw another angel ascending from the rising of the sun, having the seal of the living God; and he cried out with a loud voice to the four angels to whom it was granted to harm the earth and the sea, saying, “Do not harm the earth or the sea or the trees until we have sealed the bond-servants of our God on their foreheads.” And I heard the number of those who were sealed, one hundred and forty-four thousand sealed from every tribe of the sons of Israel.”(Revelation 7:1-4) Among those who were sealed, there was no one from the tribe of Dan.  (See Revelation 7:5-8) The temple and its portions mentioned in Ezekiel include the tribe of Dan, so they are talking about two different things.  The unbuilt temple that Ezekiel spoke of should be built after the changes in the terrain when Jesus returns, “But the day of the Lord will come like a thief, …”(2 Peter 3:10) Therefore, we can only get a large unknown interval from the words of the Bible, and we cannot know the exact time.  However, because this is two different things from what will happen in the new heaven and new earth, this once again confirms that the temple was built by Judaism in Israel as mentioned before, and it is something that will happen to Judaism in the future.

Finally, let’s look at the New Jerusalem in the new heaven and new earth in the Book of Revelation, “And he carried me away in the Spirit to a great and high mountain, and showed me the holy city, Jerusalem, coming down out of heaven from God, having the glory of God. …The one who spoke with me had a gold measuring rod to measure the city, and its gates and its wall. The city is laid out as a square, and its length is as great as the width; and he measured the city with the rod, fifteen hundred miles; its length and width and height are equal. And he measured its wall, seventy-two yards, according to human measurements, which are also angelic measurements.”(Revelation 21:10-17) We see that this city is cube-shaped and cannot be built by human hands!  And “I saw no temple in it, for the Lord God the Almighty and the Lamb are its temple. And the city has no need of the sun or of the moon to shine on it, for the glory of God has illumined it, and its lamp is the Lamb.”(Revelation 21:22-23) Although the Bible does not say it clearly, the cube-shaped city itself should be the Holy of Holies, because it is the place where the Lord God the Almighty and the Lamb are present. There is no reason to have a temple.

 ​

I recently learned that someone saw this, “…the city was pure gold, like clear glass.”​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​(Revelation 21:18) The city that does not shine with the sun or moon also gives some light to those outside the city. In other words, those outside the city can only see some light, but cannot enter the city.  This is clearly stated in the Bible. Some people “…may have the right to the tree of life, and may enter by the gates into the city. Outside are the dogs and the sorcerers and the immoral persons and the murderers and the idolaters, and everyone who loves and practices lying.”(Revelation 22:14-15) This is not like the second death, which is clearly stated in the Bible, “But for the cowardly and unbelieving and abominable and murderers and immoral persons and sorcerers and idolaters and all liars, their part will be in the lake that burns with fire and brimstone, which is the second death.”(Revelation 21:8) This includes those who do not believe, and it is clearly stated that those who do not believe are in the lake of fire and brimstone.  In Revelation 22:15, it does not include those who do not believe. God will not enlighten the unbelievers. Those outside the city are examples of Satan’s success because Peter made it very clear, “…Your adversary, the devil, prowls around like a roaring lion, seeking someone to devour.”(1 Peter 5:8) If Satan had known that he was doomed to fail every time, Peter would not have said, “Be of sober spirit, be on the alert. …”(1 Peter 5:8) In addition, even if you follow the viewpoint of men, it is impossible for God to enlighten unbelievers at that time, so there were such Christians outside the city who had once believed.  Although this viewpoint is different from what some people think, the Bible does say this. The important thing is that we should be like those Christians who can enter the city.

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(Verses refer to those in NASB unless otherwise specified.)

(You can get all articles in “https://a-christian-voice.com/” under “On spiritual understanding about life.”)

3078 神和撒但的一些特质,试探的本质,和祷告的真谛 (旋风著)

    我们多年前在 8302020年时,就谈到了撒但的一些本质,就是从约伯记一开始就可看到,只要神容许,牠就会坏到无所不用其极。虽然圣经没有明说神的空间是什么,但在那里,我们可以看到牠能到神一样的空间里,但牠是受造物,时间只能往前,而神是可以控制时间,在时间中行走的。也看到了撒但能行一些超自然的事,包括一些物质界和灵界的事情,但牠的所行的绝不能越过神所允许的一步。牠能如天气预报的预测,绝对不能预知未来,所以当我们遇见超自然的事而难以分辩的时候,如果有预知介入,就知道一定是神的作为。我们一定要以圣经的话语作为绝对的标准来分辩,所以正确的了解圣经中神的旨意,不强解圣经,是非常重要的。详情请看油管(YouTube)上的「200830 撒但的一些本质」。          

    在这短文中,我们首先将神的一些特质和撒但的作为对比,就是神是无所不在的,全知的,和全能的,也提到为什么经文说撒但不是这样。第二我们看到试探的本质,就是撒但用尽手段的想要我们在神面前跌倒。我们简略的讨论了耶稣在受洗后所受的试探,只是祂没有犯罪。又把约伯受的试探作为另一个例子,说明了我们为什么说,撒但在他身上用了所有可能的的试探。也看到了在受试探的时候,总会给我们开一条出路,叫我们能忍受得住。第三,  有人说祷告是要了解神的旨意,一但清楚的了解神的旨意后,就要完全照著神的旨意做。我们举圣经的例子说明不完全是这样的,祂渴望人代求,只要是不损害祂的根基的事,祂是有可能改变主意的,因为祂所用的是回授策略。所以祷告的目的是要用圣经作为绝对的标准来分辩,确定神的旨意,也要看看是否是属于神可能会改变主意的事。如果是,要代求。如果不是,即使是和自己所想的不同,也要顺服。

1. 神和撒但的一些特质          

    我们从三方面来看看一些神的所是,和撒但不是什么。第一,神是无所不在的,而撒但不能这样。虽然圣经没有明说神是无所不在的,但说了『因为无论在哪里,有两三个人奉我的名聚会,那里就有我在他们中间。』(马太福音 18:20) 如果三位一体神不是无所不在的,焉能如此?          

    撒但是被造物,牠不能像神一样的无所不在,事实上,祂会有固定的住所。我们不知道牠现在住在何处,但圣经明说了,『你要写信给别迦摩教会的使者说︰『那有两刃利剑的说:我知道你的居所,就是有撒但座位之处。当我忠心的见证人安提帕在你们中间、撒但所住的地方被杀之时,你还坚守我的名,没有弃绝我的道。』』(启示录 2:12-13) 所以我们知道那时牠是住在别迦摩的。我们也从这些经文中看到跟随耶稣是要付代价的,有时甚至要付出生命的代价。          

    第二,神是全知的,而撒但不是。也是和现前一样,圣经没有明说神是全知的,但绝对有这概念。举个例子来说,耶稣基督是三位一体中的一位,当祂在道成肉身治疗一个瘫子时,『有人用褥子抬著一个瘫子到耶稣跟前来。耶稣见他们的信心,就对瘫子说:「小子,放心吧!你的罪赦了。」有几个文士心里说:「这个人说僭妄的话了。」耶稣知道他们的心意,就说:「你们为甚么心里怀著恶念呢?」』(马太福音 9:2-4) 这不就是说祂是全知的吗?当然还有其他的例子,如『耶稣看见拿但业来,就指著他说:「看哪,这是个真以色列人,他心里是没有诡诈的。」拿但业对耶稣说:「你从哪里知道我呢?」 耶稣回答说:「腓力还没有招呼你,你在无花果树底下,我就看见你了。」』(约翰福音 1:47-48) 其他的例子我们就不多说了。          

    我们已经说过撒但是不能预知的,也就说明了牠不是全知的。我们现在从另外一个角度来说明这点,圣经在旧约中说,『有一天,神的众子来侍立在耶和华面前,撒但也来在其中。耶和华问撒但说:「你从哪里来?」 撒但回答说:「我从地上走来走去,往返而来。」』(约伯记 1:6-7) 的确,撒但是可以到神的空间的。圣经在新约中也说,『务要谨守、警醒,因为你们的仇敌魔鬼,如同吼叫的狮子,遍地游行,寻找可吞吃的人。』(彼得前书 5:8) 如果撒但是全知的,祂需要走来走去,遍地游行吗?在这里又可看到圣经的一致性,就是神借著圣经告诉我们的是一致的,而不是文字上的。文字上会有明显的矛盾,这时我们该问的是、神借著这看起来好像是明显的矛盾,到底要告诉我们那一致的事情在那里!          

    第三,神是神是全能的,而撒但不是。撒但所行,不能越过神所许可的一步,祂怎么会是全能的呢?圣经直接说神是全能的神,譬如在这经文,『亚伯兰年九十九岁的时候,耶和华向他显现,对他说:「我是全能的神,你当在我面前作完全人。』(创世记 17:1)          

    在这里我们需要定义全能一下,因为许多人认为全能就是无所不能,不是这样的!以说谎为例,我们知道,『魔鬼(撒但)…从起初是杀人的,不守真理,因他心里没有真理;他说谎是出于自己,因他本来是说谎的,也是说谎之人的父。』(约翰福音 8:44) 所以谎言是从撒但()而来的,不是神所创造的。神是信实的,祂不能说谎,因谎言不在祂里面,要祂怎能说谎呢?可见祂不是无所不能的。那么全能究竟是什么呢?有一些对我们不存在的事情对祂是存在的,以行神迹为例,祂有绝对的主权,可以在祂认为需要时行神迹,而我们不能这样,最多是行神迹的一个管道,源头仍在于祂。譬如圣经记载保罗能作行神迹,只是因为他是一个管道,而源头在于三位一体的神。我们看到这,是因为后面第三段「祷告的真谛和目的」中我们会提到,保罗不能行神迹让他肉体上的一根刺拿走。所以「全能」是指对祂存在的事情,祂都能做。因此我们不能说,要祂「在三维空间中,造出一个祂都不能搬动的石头」,这是不合逻辑的,不存在的。    

    圣经说,『神能照著运行在我们心里的大力,充充足足地成就一切,超过我们所求所想的。』(以弗所书 3:20) 如果举一个例子是现在的,那例子就是我们现在可想的事,那例子就一定是错的,因为那不是超过我们所想的事,在「2048 耶稣的权柄和超过所求所想的事  – 耶稣的形像(3)」中,我们举例说明了什么事是叫做超过所想的事,这些例子是说对那时的人而言,是超过他们那时所想的事,在这里就不多说了。

2. 试探的本质和例子         

    试探的本质就是撒但用尽手段的想要我们在神面前跌倒,可以控告我们。最有名的例子大概是耶稣在受洗后所受的试探,那时『耶稣被圣灵充满,从约旦河回来,圣灵将他引到旷野,四十天受魔鬼的试探。』(路加福音 4:1) 这并不说圣灵和魔鬼合作,圣灵知道耶稣一生会受到许多的试探,既然受洗后被圣灵充满,不如那时就开始这一生剩下的时间要受的试探,因此会将祂引到旷野。我们看到了『魔鬼用完了各样的试探,就暂时离开耶稣。』(路加福音 4:13) 这次受试探的事被记录下来的只有三件(参路加福音 4:2-12),就是第一要使石头变成食物,而耶稣回答说:『人活著不是单靠食物,乃是靠神口里所出的一切话。』我们是要食物才能活著没错,但基督徒感谢主时不只是因为有地上食物的供应,也有属灵的粮食。第二是要耶稣在牠面前下拜,而耶稣说:『当拜主你的神,单要事奉他。』第三是要祂从殿顶上跳下去,而耶稣对牠说:『不可试探主你的神。』    

    如果看马太福音 4:1-11,就知道这三件记录的受试探的事情是次序不一样的,所以看起来似乎有明显的矛盾!但试探这件事在对观福音中都说是在耶稣受洗后,所以在这里所讲的整个事件的发生是在确定的时间,当路加福音 1:3 说,『这些事我既从起头都详细考察了,就定意要按著次序写给你。』看这些经文就知道,神借著圣经告诉我们的是、这里的次序是指整个事件的次序,圣经是一致的。    

    我们也知道在耶稣的一生中受过许多的试探,圣经明说,『因我们的大祭司(耶稣基督)并非不能体恤我们的软弱,他也曾凡事受过试探,与我们一样,只是他没有犯罪。』(希伯来书 4:15) 祂在道成肉身是叫耶稣,在天上时是基督。祂道成肉身时『虚己,取了奴仆的形像,成为人的样式。』(腓立比书 2:7) 祂由圣灵感孕而生(参马太福音 1:18-21) 一生和罪无关,所以祂会说这世界的王在我里面是毫无所有。(参约翰福音 14:30) 『并且因为他是人子,就赐给他行审判的权柄。』(约翰福音 5:27) 在这里我们看到受试探是可以不犯罪的,其中一项是圣经明讲的,『生气却不要犯罪,不可含怒到日落;也不可给魔鬼留地步。』(以弗所书 4:26-27) 我们是可以做到不可含怒到日落的。在新约的时代,我们是要顺服圣灵的带领,当我们确定是圣灵的带领而顺服时,就是不给魔鬼留地步。          

    另一个我们可能会想到的是约伯受的试探,他真是受了撒但能用的所有的试探。先看第一次的攻击(参约伯记 1:6-19),『耶和华对撒但说:「凡他所有的都在你手中,只是不可伸手加害于他。」』 于是撒但不等马上就做了,使他失去了大部份的财产,有的从人间来的祸患,也有的是超自然的而来的,也使他的七个儿女同时遭难而去世。但撒但留下他妻子是好意吗?约伯显然是通过了第一次的攻击,因为『在这一切的事上,约伯并不犯罪,也不以神为愚妄。』(约伯记 1:22) 于是有了第二次的攻击,在其中,『耶和华对撒但说:「他在你手中,只要存留他的性命。」于是撒但从耶和华面前退去,击打约伯,使他从脚掌到头顶长毒疮。』(约伯记 2:6-7) 又是立刻的攻击,有人身的攻击,且『他的妻子对他说:「你仍然持守你的纯正吗?你弃掉神,死了吧!」』(约伯记 2:9) 我们看见了撒但留下他的妻子是为了使他被最亲密的人攻击他,所以我们可以看到撒但真是太坏了!     #####当然不止如此,还有他的朋友们的攻击。在结局中我们看到了,『约伯为他的朋友祈祷,耶和华就使约伯从苦境转回,并且耶和华赐给他的比他从前所有的加倍。他也有七个儿子,三个女儿。』(约伯记 42:10-13) 虽然他的朋友攻击他,他仍然要先为他的朋友祈祷,这是和神的爱一致的,『我们爱,因为神先爱我们。』(约翰一书 4:19) 也正因为撒但太坏而留下了他的妻子,就成就了他们能在事后有了儿子女儿,这显然是撒但没有事先想到的,而神是全知的,祂事先就知道撒但会这样做。我们才看看,除了儿子女儿没有加倍外,其余的都加倍,怎么会这样呢?不是明说所有的都加倍吗?那是因为人和牲畜不同,人死后可到祂那里去,『神原不是死人的神,乃是活人的神;因为在他那里,人都是活的。』(路加福音 20:38) 从圣经的一致性看,我们相信那死去的儿女已到祂那里而活著,所以儿女也是加倍的。          

    我们再来看他的朋友们在第二次的攻击中的角色,『他们(三个朋友)就同他七天七夜坐在地上,(约伯记 2:13) 他们是多么好的朋友啊!而从他们的对话中就可以知道,他们也并不真正的了解约伯,他们的安慰反而变成了攻击,其中还借著提幔人以利法的话做了灵界的攻击。因以利法说,『我暗暗地得了默示,我耳朵也听其细微的声音。在思念夜中异象之间,世人沉睡的时候,恐惧、战兢临到我身,使我百骨打战。』(约伯记 4:12-14) 我们看看他因此讲的话是对错相杂的,犹如当时夏娃被引诱般,而且圣灵是不会使人觉得恐惧的等等,很清楚的知道这是撒但的作为。从这里我们也看到撒但这时不是立到有灵界的攻击,牠是可以等的,牠会选择牠认为最好的时候攻击,这也包括了属世的攻击,牠不是第一次攻击中留下了约伯的妻子吗?          

    最后是『耶和华从旋风中回答约伯(约伯记 38:1) 祂并没直接的回答了约伯所提的问题,但告诉约伯一些事实作为回答。约伯意识到他是不可能做这些的,听后就悔改说,『我从前风闻有你,现在亲眼看见你。因此我厌恶自己,在尘土和炉灰中懊悔。』(约伯记 42:5-6) 所以说,『约伯完全正直(perfect H8535 and upright, H3477)(约伯记 1:1) 是从人的角度看。很显然的,他『敬畏神,远离恶事。』(约伯记 1:1) 从神的角度看他仍要悔改而得到祝福,只是在这祝福前要先经过试探,确定约伯知道了自己以行为产生的自义,『此后,约伯又活了一百四十年,得见他的儿孙,直到四代。这样,约伯年纪老迈,日子满足而死。』(约伯记 42:16-17)    

    这不就是经文所说,『你们所遇见的试探,无非是人所能受的。神是信实的,必不叫你们受试探过于所能受的。在受试探的时候,总要给你们开一条出路,叫你们能忍受得住。』(哥林多前书 10:13) 如果不是借著别人,在需要的时候,祂会自己有所作为的,祂不是在旋风中用祂自己的方法回答约伯吗?。所以只要不是自找苦吃,不要因受试探而产生的苦难在信心中而忧虑,要知道神已经应许,祂会有祂的计划的。但要知道,『凡事都有定期,天下万务都有定时。』(传道书 3:1) 在定时的时候祂会工作的。

3. 祷告的真谛和目的          

    有人说祷告是要了解神的旨意,尤有甚者,有教导说,只有从超自然的意念中得到的,才是神的旨意,这和圣经的教导不同。在保罗见到大光后,神是要亚拿尼亚()去告诉保罗一些该做的事情(参使徒行传 9:10-18)。又有教导说,只说神要你说的话,听起来好像是对的,但是先决的条件是这个人能完全分辩是否是神的话,『因为连撒但也装作光明的天使。』(哥林多后书 11:14) 以前有人教导我这样,结果是有相当多年我在团契查经时一句话都没有讲,因为没有神要我讲的话。到目前为止我没有碰过这样的人,只见过自以为是这样的人,可以不遵守圣经的教导,尤其是启示录说得很清楚,『我向一切听见这书上预言的作见证,若有人在这预言上加添甚么,神必将写在这书上的灾祸加在他身上;这书上的预言,若有人删去甚么,神必从这书上所写的生命树和圣城删去他的分。』(启示录 22:18-19) 启示录是不可以加减的。就像我们之前所讲的,当我们能以圣经作为我们绝对的标准,对于有些异端的教派是相当容易分辩的,例如摩门教有另外的摩门经,而耶和华见证会不相信耶稣是三位一体的神中的一位,真是『连买他们的主他们也不承认,自取速速的灭亡。』(彼得后书 2:1)  即使撒但的差役会装作光明的天使使分辩不容易,只要我们能非常小心的确定是圣灵的带领而依靠圣灵,仍是可以分辩的。       

    接著有人就会说,一但我们清楚的了解神的旨意后,就算是和我们所想的不同,就要完全照著神的旨意做,亚伯拉罕献以撤不就这样吗?我们再看一个保罗的例子,他说,『又恐怕我因所得的启示甚大,就过于自高,所以有一根刺加在我肉体上,就是撒但的差役要攻击我,免得我过于自高。为这事,我三次求过主,叫这刺离开我。他对我说:「我的恩典够你用的,因为我的能力是在人的软弱上显得完全。」所以,我更喜欢夸自己的软弱,好叫基督的能力覆庇我。』(哥林多后书 12:7-9) 他不是祷告三次以后确定了是神的旨意就不再祷告了吗?       

    所以应该不要去试著改变神的旨意,是这样吗?大部份时候都是对的,但按照圣经,不是全部如此。我们来看在阿摩司书的例子。『主耶和华指示我一件事:为王割菜之后,菜又发生,刚发生的时候,主造蝗虫。蝗虫吃尽那地的青物,我就说:「主耶和华啊,求你赦免!因为雅各微弱,他怎能站立得住呢?」耶和华就后悔说:「这灾可以免了。」主耶和华又指示我一件事:他命火来惩罚以色列,火就吞灭深渊,险些将地烧灭。我就说:「主耶和华啊,求你止息!因为雅各微弱,他怎能站立得住呢?」耶和华就后悔说:「这灾也可免了。」』(阿摩司书 7:1-6) 神原先是预备要降灾给以色列人的,因阿摩司的代求,神就改变了主意。如果只是不分辩而一昧的遵行神的旨意,就不会有祂的赦免了

    但有些和准绳有关的事情,神是不会改变的,因阿摩司又说,『他又指示我一件事:有一道墙是按准绳建筑的,主手拿准绳站在其上。耶和华对我说:「阿摩司啊,你看见甚么?」 我说:「看见准绳。」 主说:「我要吊起准绳在我民以色列中,我必不再宽恕他们。以撒的邱坛必然凄凉,以色列的圣所必然荒废。我必兴起,用刀攻击耶罗波安的家。」』(阿摩司书 7:7-9)          

    我们再看看,『那时,耶和华看见没有公平,甚不喜悦。他见无人拯救,无人代求,甚为诧异,(以赛亚书 59:15-16) 所以我们看见祂是希望有人代求的,当代求如阿摩司般对的时候,祂的怜悯和和恩典会使祂改变主意的,因『慈爱和诚实,行在你前面。』(诗篇 89:14) 只是祂不只一次提到,『公义和公平是他宝座的根基。』(诗篇 97:2) 祂渴望人代求,只要是不损害祂的根基的事,祂是有可能改变主意的,因为祂所用的是回授策略。就如以西结书所说,『义人转离他的义而作罪孽,就必因此死亡。恶人转离他的恶,行正直与合理的事,就必因此存活。』(以西结书 33:18-19) 看人的反应如何,祂会做相应的事。所以祷告的目的不只是要知道神的旨意,并要用圣经作为绝对的标准来分辩,看看是否是属于神可能会改变主意的事。    

    当然也有神不会改变的事,再举一个祂不会改变的例子,当亚伯拉罕和耶和华讨价还价要祂饶恕所多玛时,『耶和华说:「我若在所多玛城里见有五十个义人,我就为他们的缘故饶恕那地方的众人。」』(创世记 18:26) 最后是『亚伯拉罕说:「求主不要动怒,我再说这一次,假若在那里见有十个呢?」 他说:「为这十个的缘故,我也不毁灭那城。」』(创世记 18:26)  而『耶和华与亚伯拉罕说完了话就走了;(创世记 18:33) 没有再给亚伯拉罕机会继续下去,这是因为『所多玛人在耶和华面前罪大恶极。』(创世记 13:13) 同时亚伯拉罕应该很满意,从五十个义人降到只要十个义人就可以了,只是他没想到只有罗得一个义人(参彼得后书 2:7-8)    

    结论很简单,祷告的真谛和目的是:了解神的旨意,如果是属于神可能会改变主意的事,要代求,神有绝对的主权,代求会不会被允许在祂,但我们要代求。如果不是,即使是和自己所想的不同,也要顺服。

(你可以在『 https://a-christian-voice.com/ 』看到所有的文章,到这网站后要按『对属灵生命的了解』。) 

2078 神和撒但的一些特質,試探的本質,和禱告的真諦 (旋風著)

          我們多年前在 8月30日2020年時,就談到了撒但的一些本質,就是從約伯記一開始就可看到,只要神容許,牠就會壞到無所不用其極。雖然聖經沒有明說神的空間是什麼,但在那裏,我們可以看到牠能到神一樣的空間裏,但牠是受造物,時間只能往前,而神是可以控制時間,在時間中行走的。也看到了撒但能行一些超自然的事,包括一些物質界和靈界的事情,但牠的所行的絕不能越過神所允許的一步。牠能如天氣預報的預測,絕對不能預知未來,所以當我們遇見超自然的事而難以分辨的時候,如果有預知介入,就知道一定是神的作為。我們一定要以聖經的話語作為絕對的標準來分辨,所以正確的瞭解聖經中神的旨意,不強解聖經,是非常重要的。詳情請看油管(YouTube)上的「200830 撒但的一些本質」。

          在這短文中,我們首先將神的一些特質和撒但的作為對比,就是神是無所不在的,全知的,和全能的,也提到為什麼經文說撒但不是這樣。第二我們看到試探的本質,就是撒但用盡手段的想要我們在神面前跌倒。我們簡略的討論了耶穌在受洗後所受的試探,只是祂沒有犯罪。又把約伯受的試探作為另一個例子,說明了我們為什麼說,撒但在他身上用了所有可能的的試探。也看到了在受試探的時候,總會給我們開一條出路,叫我們能忍受得住。第三,  有人說禱告是要瞭解神的旨意,一但清楚的瞭解神的旨意後,就要完全照著神的旨意做。我們舉聖經的例子說明不完全是這樣的,祂渴望人代求,只要是不損害祂的根基的事,祂是有可能改變主意的,因為祂所用的是回授策略。所以禱告的目的是要用聖經作為絕對的標準來分辨,確定神的旨意,也要看看是否是屬於神可能會改變主意的事。如果是,要代求。如果不是,即使是和自己所想的不同,也要順服。

1. 神和撒但的一些特質

          我們從三方面來看看一些神的所是,和撒但不是什麼。第一,神是無所不在的,而撒但不能這樣。雖然聖經沒有明說神是無所不在的,但說了『因為無論在哪裏,有兩三個人奉我的名聚會,那裏就有我在他們中間。』(馬太福音 18:20) 如果三位一體神不是無所不在的,焉能如此?

          撒但是被造物,牠不能像神一樣的無所不在,事實上,祂會有固定的住所。我們不知道牠現在住在何處,但聖經明說了,『你要寫信給別迦摩教會的使者說︰『那有兩刃利劍的說:我知道你的居所,就是有撒但座位之處。當我忠心的見證人安提帕在你們中間、撒但所住的地方被殺之時,你還堅守我的名,沒有棄絕我的道。』』(啓示錄 2:12-13) 所以我們知道那時牠是住在別迦摩的。我們也從這些經文中看到跟隨耶穌是要付代價的,有時甚至要付出生命的代價。

          第二,神是全知的,而撒但不是。也是和現前一樣,聖經沒有明說神是全知的,但絕對有這概念。舉個例子來說,耶穌基督是三位一體中的一位,當祂在道成肉身治療一個癱子時,『有人用褥子抬着一個癱子到耶穌跟前來。耶穌見他們的信心,就對癱子說:「小子,放心吧!你的罪赦了。」有幾個文士心裏說:「這個人說僭妄的話了。」耶穌知道他們的心意,就說:「你們為甚麼心裏懷着惡念呢?」』(馬太福音 9:2-4) 這不就是說祂是全知的嗎?當然還有其他的例子,如『耶穌看見拿但業來,就指着他說:「看哪,這是個真以色列人,他心裏是沒有詭詐的。」拿但業對耶穌說:「你從哪裏知道我呢?」 耶穌回答說:「腓力還沒有招呼你,你在無花果樹底下,我就看見你了。」』(約翰福音 1:47-48) 其他的例子我們就不多說了。

          我們已經說過撒但是不能預知的,也就說明了牠不是全知的。我們現在從另外一個角度來說明這點,聖經在舊約中說,『有一天,神的眾子來侍立在耶和華面前,撒但也來在其中。耶和華問撒但說:「你從哪裏來?」 撒但回答說:「我從地上走來走去,往返而來。」』(約伯記 1:6-7) 的確,撒但是可以到神的空間的。聖經在新約中也說,『務要謹守、警醒,因為你們的仇敵魔鬼,如同吼叫的獅子,遍地遊行,尋找可吞吃的人。』(彼得前書 5:8) 如果撒但是全知的,祂需要走來走去,遍地遊行嗎?在這裡又可看到聖經的一致性,就是神藉著聖經告訴我們的是一致的,而不是文字上的。文字上會有明顯的矛盾,這時我們該問的是、神藉著這看起來好像是明顯的矛盾,到底要告訴我們那一致的事情在那裏!

          第三,神是神是全能的,而撒但不是。撒但所行,不能越過神所許可的一步,祂怎麼會是全能的呢?聖經直接說神是全能的神,譬如在這經文,『亞伯蘭年九十九歲的時候,耶和華向他顯現,對他說:「我是全能的神,你當在我面前作完全人。』(創世記 17:1) 

          在這裏我們需要定義全能一下,因為許多人認為全能就是無所不能,不是這樣的!以說謊為例,我們知道,『…魔鬼(撒但)…從起初是殺人的,不守真理,因他心裏沒有真理;他說謊是出於自己,因他本來是說謊的,也是說謊之人的父。』(約翰福音 8:44) 所以謊言是從撒但(父)而來的,不是神所創造的。神是信實的,祂不能說謊,因謊言不在祂裏面,要祂怎能說謊呢?可見祂不是無所不能的。那麼全能究竟是什麼呢?有一些對我們不存在的事情對祂是存在的,以行神蹟為例,祂有絕對的主權,可以在祂認為需要時行神蹟,而我們不能這樣,最多是行神蹟的一個管道,源頭仍在於祂。譬如聖經記載保羅能作行神蹟,只是因為他是一個管道,而源頭在於三位一體的神。我們看到這,是因為後面第三段「禱告的真諦和目的」中我們會提到,保羅不能行神蹟讓他肉體上的一根刺拿走。所以「全能」是指對祂存在的事情,祂都能做。因此我們不能說,要祂「在三維空間中,造出一個祂都不能搬動的石頭」,這是不合邏輯的,不存在的。

    聖經說,『神能照着運行在我們心裏的大力,充充足足地成就一切,超過我們所求所想的。』(以弗所書 3:20) 如果舉一個例子是現在的,那例子就是我們現在可想的事,那例子就一定是錯的,因為那不是超過我們所想的事,在「2048 耶穌的權柄和超過所求所想的事  – 耶穌的形像(3)」中,我們舉例說明了什麼事是叫做超過所想的事,這些例子是說對那時的人而言,是超過他們那時所想的事,在這裏就不多說了。

2. 試探的本質和例子

          試探的本質就是撒但用盡手段的想要我們在神面前跌倒,可以控告我們。最有名的例子大概是耶穌在受洗後所受的試探,那時『耶穌被聖靈充滿,從約旦河回來,聖靈將他引到曠野,四十天受魔鬼的試探。』(路加福音 4:1) 這並不說聖靈和魔鬼合作,聖靈知道耶穌一生會受到許多的試探,既然受洗後被聖靈充滿,不如那時就開始這一生剩下的時間要受的試探,因此會將祂引到曠野。我們看到了『魔鬼用完了各樣的試探,就暫時離開耶穌。』(路加福音 4:13) 這次受試探的事被記錄下來的只有三件(參路加福音 4:2-12),就是第一要使石頭變成食物,而耶穌回答說:『人活着不是單靠食物,乃是靠神口裏所出的一切話。』我們是要食物才能活著沒錯,但基督徒感謝主時不只是因為有地上食物的供應,也有屬靈的糧食。第二是要耶穌在牠面前下拜,而耶穌說:『當拜主你的神,單要事奉他。』第三是要祂從殿頂上跳下去,而耶穌對牠說:『不可試探主你的神。』

    如果看馬太福音 4:1-11,就知道這三件記錄的受試探的事情是次序不一樣的,所以看起來似乎有明顯的矛盾!但試探這件事在對觀福音中都說是在耶穌受洗後,所以在這裏所講的整個事件的發生是在確定的時間,當路加福音 1:3 說,『這些事我既從起頭都詳細考察了,就定意要按着次序寫給你。』看這些經文就知道,神藉著聖經告訴我們的是、這裏的次序是指整個事件的次序,聖經是一致的。

    我們也知道在耶穌的一生中受過許多的試探,聖經明說,『因我們的大祭司(耶穌基督)並非不能體恤我們的軟弱,他也曾凡事受過試探,與我們一樣,只是他沒有犯罪。』(希伯來書 4:15) 祂在道成肉身是叫耶穌,在天上時是基督。祂道成肉身時『…虛己,取了奴僕的形像,成為人的樣式。』(腓立比書 2:7) 祂由聖靈感孕而生(參馬太福音 1:18-21) 一生和罪無關,所以祂會說這世界的王在我裏面是毫無所有。(參約翰福音 14:30) 『並且因為他是人子,就賜給他行審判的權柄。』(約翰福音 5:27) 在這裏我們看到受試探是可以不犯罪的,其中一項是聖經明講的,『生氣卻不要犯罪,不可含怒到日落;也不可給魔鬼留地步。』(以弗所書 4:26-27) 我們是可以做到不可含怒到日落的。在新約的時代,我們是要順服聖靈的帶領,當我們確定是聖靈的帶領而順服時,就是不給魔鬼留地步。

          另一個我們可能會想到的是約伯受的試探,他真是受了撒但能用的所有的試探。先看第一次的攻擊(參約伯記 1:6-19),『耶和華對撒但說:「凡他所有的都在你手中,只是不可伸手加害於他。」』 於是撒但不等馬上就做了,使他失去了大部份的財產,有的從人間來的禍患,也有的是超自然的而來的,也使他的七個兒女同時遭難而去世。但撒但留下他妻子是好意嗎?約伯顯然是通過了第一次的攻擊,因為『在這一切的事上,約伯並不犯罪,也不以神為愚妄。』(約伯記 1:22) 於是有了第二次的攻擊,在其中,『耶和華對撒但說:「他在你手中,只要存留他的性命。」於是撒但從耶和華面前退去,擊打約伯,使他從腳掌到頭頂長毒瘡。』(約伯記 2:6-7) 又是立刻的攻擊,有人身的攻擊,且『他的妻子對他說:「你仍然持守你的純正嗎?你棄掉神,死了吧!」』(約伯記 2:9) 我們看見了撒但留下他的妻子是為了使他被最親密的人攻擊他,所以我們可以看到撒但真是太壞了!

    當然不止如此,還有他的朋友們的攻擊。在結局中我們看到了,『約伯為他的朋友祈禱,耶和華就使約伯從苦境轉回,並且耶和華賜給他的比他從前所有的加倍。他也有七個兒子,三個女兒。』(約伯記 42:10-13) 雖然他的朋友攻擊他,他仍然要先為他的朋友祈禱,這是和神的愛一致的,『我們愛,因為神先愛我們。』(約翰一書 4:19) 也正因為撒但太壞而留下了他的妻子,就成就了他們能在事後有了兒子女兒,這顯然是撒但沒有事先想到的,而神是全知的,祂事先就知道撒但會這樣做。我們才看看,除了兒子女兒沒有加倍外,其餘的都加倍,怎麼會這樣呢?不是明說所有的都加倍嗎?那是因為人和牲畜不同,人死後可到祂那裏去,『神原不是死人的神,乃是活人的神;因為在他那裏,人都是活的。』(路加福音 20:38) 從聖經的一致性看,我們相信那死去的兒女已到祂那裏而活著,所以兒女也是加倍的。

          我們再來看他的朋友們在第二次的攻擊中的角色,『他們(三個朋友)就同他七天七夜坐在地上,…』(約伯記 2:13) 他們是多麼好的朋友啊!而從他們的對話中就可以知道,他們也並不真正的瞭解約伯,他們的安慰反而變成了攻擊,其中還藉著提幔人以利法的話做了靈界的攻擊。因以利法說,『我暗暗地得了默示,我耳朵也聽其細微的聲音。在思念夜中異象之間,世人沉睡的時候,恐懼、戰兢臨到我身,使我百骨打戰。』(約伯記 4:12-14) 我們看看他因此講的話是對錯相雜的,猶如當時夏娃被引誘般,而且聖靈是不會使人覺得恐懼的等等,很清楚的知道這是撒但的作為。從這裏我們也看到撒但這時不是立到有靈界的攻擊,牠是可以等的,牠會選擇牠認為最好的時候攻擊,這也包括了屬世的攻擊,牠不是第一次攻擊中留下了約伯的妻子嗎?

          最後是『…耶和華從旋風中回答約伯…』(約伯記 38:1) 祂並沒直接的回答了約伯所提的問題,但告訴約伯一些事實作為回答。約伯意識到他是不可能做這些的,聽後就悔改說,『我從前風聞有你,現在親眼看見你。因此我厭惡自己,在塵土和爐灰中懊悔。』(約伯記 42:5-6) 所以說,『…約伯完全正直(perfect H8535 and upright, H3477)(約伯記 1:1) 是從人的角度看。很顯然的,他『敬畏神,遠離惡事。』(約伯記 1:1) 從神的角度看他仍要悔改而得到祝福,只是在這祝福前要先經過試探,確定約伯知道了自己以行為產生的自義,『此後,約伯又活了一百四十年,得見他的兒孫,直到四代。這樣,約伯年紀老邁,日子滿足而死。』(約伯記 42:16-17)

    這不就是經文所說,『你們所遇見的試探,無非是人所能受的。神是信實的,必不叫你們受試探過於所能受的。在受試探的時候,總要給你們開一條出路,叫你們能忍受得住。』(哥林多前書 10:13) 如果不是藉著別人,在需要的時候,祂會自己有所作為的,祂不是在旋風中用祂自己的方法回答約伯嗎?。所以只要不是自找苦吃,不要因受試探而產生的苦難在信心中而憂慮,要知道神已經應許,祂會有祂的計劃的。但要知道,『凡事都有定期,天下萬務都有定時。』(傳道書 3:1) 在定時的時候祂會工作的。

3. 禱告的真諦和目的

          有人說禱告是要瞭解神的旨意,尤有甚者,有教導說,只有從超自然的意念中得到的,才是神的旨意,這和聖經的教導不同。在保羅見到大光後,神是要亞拿尼亞(人)去告訴保羅一些該做的事情(參使徒行傳 9:10-18)。又有教導說,只說神要你說的話,聽起來好像是對的,但是先決的條件是這個人能完全分辨是否是神的話,『…因為連撒但也裝作光明的天使。』(哥林多後書 11:14) 以前有人教導我這樣,結果是有相當多年我在團契查經時一句話都沒有講,因為沒有神要我講的話。到目前為止我沒有碰過這樣的人,只見過自以為是這樣的人,可以不遵守聖經的教導,尤其是啓示錄說得很清楚,『我向一切聽見這書上預言的作見證,若有人在這預言上加添甚麼,神必將寫在這書上的災禍加在他身上;這書上的預言,若有人刪去甚麼,神必從這書上所寫的生命樹和聖城刪去他的分。』(啓示錄 22:18-19) 啓示錄是不可以加減的。就像我們之前所講的,當我們能以聖經作為我們絕對的標準,對於有些異端的教派是相當容易分辨的,例如摩門教有另外的摩門經,而耶和華見証會不相信耶穌是三位一體的神中的一位,真是『…連買他們的主他們也不承認,自取速速的滅亡。』(彼得後書 2:1)  即使撒但的差役會裝作光明的天使使分辨不容易,只要我們能非常小心的確定是聖靈的帶領而依靠聖靈,仍是可以分辨的。

       接著有人就會說,一但我們清楚的瞭解神的旨意後,就算是和我們所想的不同,就要完全照著神的旨意做,亞伯拉罕獻以撤不就這樣嗎?我們再看一個保羅的例子,他說,『又恐怕我因所得的啓示甚大,就過於自高,所以有一根刺加在我肉體上,就是撒但的差役要攻擊我,免得我過於自高。為這事,我三次求過主,叫這刺離開我。他對我說:「我的恩典夠你用的,因為我的能力是在人的軟弱上顯得完全。」所以,我更喜歡誇自己的軟弱,好叫基督的能力覆庇我。』(哥林多後書 12:7-9) 他不是禱告三次以後確定了是神的旨意就不再禱告了嗎?

       所以應該不要去試著改變神的旨意,是這樣嗎?大部份時候都是對的,但按照聖經,不是全部如此。我們來看在阿摩司書的例子。『主耶和華指示我一件事:為王割菜之後,菜又發生,剛發生的時候,主造蝗蟲。蝗蟲吃盡那地的青物,我就說:「主耶和華啊,求你赦免!因為雅各微弱,他怎能站立得住呢?」耶和華就後悔說:「這災可以免了。」主耶和華又指示我一件事:他命火來懲罰以色列,火就吞滅深淵,險些將地燒滅。我就說:「主耶和華啊,求你止息!因為雅各微弱,他怎能站立得住呢?」耶和華就後悔說:「這災也可免了。」』(阿摩司書 7:1-6) 神原先是預備要降災給以色列人的,因阿摩司的代求,神就改變了主意。如果只是不分辨而一昧的遵行神的旨意,就不會有祂的赦免了!

       但有些和準繩有關的事情,神是不會改變的,因阿摩司又說,『他又指示我一件事:有一道牆是按準繩建築的,主手拿準繩站在其上。耶和華對我說:「阿摩司啊,你看見甚麼?」 我說:「看見準繩。」 主說:「我要吊起準繩在我民以色列中,我必不再寬恕他們。以撒的邱壇必然淒涼,以色列的聖所必然荒廢。我必興起,用刀攻擊耶羅波安的家。」』(阿摩司書 7:7-9) 

          我們再看看,『…那時,耶和華看見沒有公平,甚不喜悅。他見無人拯救,無人代求,甚為詫異,…』(以賽亞書 59:15-16) 所以我們看見祂是希望有人代求的,當代求如阿摩司般對的時候,祂的憐憫和和恩典會使祂改變主意的,因『…慈愛和誠實,行在你前面。』(詩篇 89:14) 只是祂不只一次提到,『…公義和公平是他寶座的根基。』(詩篇 97:2) 祂渴望人代求,只要是不損害祂的根基的事,祂是有可能改變主意的,因為祂所用的是回授策略。就如以西結書所說,『義人轉離他的義而作罪孽,就必因此死亡。惡人轉離他的惡,行正直與合理的事,就必因此存活。』(以西結書 33:18-19) 看人的反應如何,祂會做相應的事。所以禱告的目的不只是要知道神的旨意,並要用聖經作為絕對的標準來分辨,看看是否是屬於神可能會改變主意的事。

    當然也有神不會改變的事,再舉一個祂不會改變的例子,當亞伯拉罕和耶和華討價還價要祂饒恕所多瑪時,『耶和華說:「我若在所多瑪城裏見有五十個義人,我就為他們的緣故饒恕那地方的眾人。」』(創世記 18:26) 最後是『亞伯拉罕說:「求主不要動怒,我再說這一次,假若在那裏見有十個呢?」 他說:「為這十個的緣故,我也不毀滅那城。」』(創世記 18:26)  而『耶和華與亞伯拉罕說完了話就走了;(創世記 18:33) 沒有再給亞伯拉罕機會繼續下去,這是因為『所多瑪人在耶和華面前罪大惡極。』(創世記 13:13) 同時亞伯拉罕應該很滿意,從五十個義人降到只要十個義人就可以了,只是他沒想到只有羅得一個義人(參彼得後書 2:7-8)

    結論很簡單,禱告的真諦和目的是瞭解神的旨意,如果是屬於神可能會改變主意的事,要代求,神有絕對的主權,代求會不會被允許在祂,但我們要代求。如果不是,即使是和自己所想的不同,也要順服。

(你可以在『 https://a-christian-voice.com/ 』看到所有的文章,到這網站後要按『對屬靈生命的瞭解』。)

1078 Some characteristics of God and Satan, the nature of temptation, and the true meaning of prayer (by Whirlwind)

We talked about the nature of Satan many years ago on August 30, 2020, which can be seen from the beginning of the book of Job. As long as God allows it, he will do anything within the limit.  Although the Bible does not clearly explain what God’s space is, we can see that Satan can enter the same space as God. However, Satan is a created creature, and time can only go forward, while God can control time and walk in time. We have also seen that Satan can do some supernatural things, including things in the material world and the spiritual world, but what he does can never go beyond what God allows.  It can predict the future just like the weather forecast, but cannot foretell. So when we encounter supernatural things that are difficult to distinguish, if there is foreknowledge involved, we know that it must be the work of God.  We must use the words of the Bible as the absolute standard to make judgments. Therefore, it is very important to correctly understand God’s will in the Bible and not to interpret the Bible forcefully.

In this short article, we first compare some of God’s characteristics with those of Satan. That is, God is omnipresent, omniscient, and omnipotent, and we also mention why the scriptures say that Satan is not like this.  Second, we see the essence of temptation, which is that Satan uses every means to make us fall before God.  We briefly discussed Jesus’ temptation after His baptism. We see that He did not sin all His life.  And the temptation of Job is used as another example to illustrate why we say that Satan used all possible temptations on him.  We have also seen that when we are tempted, we will always be able to find a way out so that we can endure it.  Third, some people say that prayer is about understanding God’s will. Once you clearly understand God’s will, you must do it completely according to God’s will.  We use examples from the Bible to show that this is not entirely the case. He longs for people to intercede. As long as it does not damage His foundation, He may change His mind because He uses a feedback strategy.  Therefore, the purpose of prayer is to use the Bible as the absolute standard to discern and determine that it is indeed God’s will, and also to see if it is something that God may change his mind about.  If so, intercede.  If not, even if it is different from what you think, you must obey.

1. Some Characteristics of God and Satan

Let’s look at what God is versus what Satan is from three aspects.  First, God is omnipresent, but Satan cannot be so.  Although the Bible does not explicitly say that God is omnipresent, it does say, “For wherever two or three are gathered together in my name, there I am in the midst of them.”” (Matthew 18:20) If the Trinity is not omnipresent, how can it be?

Satan is a created being. He cannot be omnipresent like God. In fact, he will have a fixed residence.  We don’t know where he lives now, but the Bible clearly says, ““And to the angel of the church in Pergamum write: The One who has the sharp two-edged sword says this: ‘I know where you dwell, where Satan’s throne is; and you hold fast My name, and did not deny My faith even in the days of Antipas, My witness, My faithful one, who was killed among you, where Satan dwells.” (Revelation 2:12-13) So we know that it was living in Pergamum at that time.  We also see from these verses that following Jesus comes at a cost, sometimes even with your life.

Second, God is omniscient, but Satan is not.  Just like before, the Bible does not explicitly say that God is omniscient, but it definitely has this concept.  For example, Jesus Christ, one of the Trinity, when He was healing a paralyzed man in the incarnation, “And they brought to Him a paralytic lying on a bed. Seeing their faith, Jesus said to the paralytic, “Take courage, son; your sins are forgiven.” And some of the scribes said to themselves, “This fellow blasphemes.” And Jesus knowing their thoughts said, “Why are you thinking evil in your hearts?” (Matthew 9:2-4) Doesn’t this mean that He is omniscient?  Of course, there are other examples, such as, “Jesus saw Nathanael coming to Him, and said of him, “Behold, an Israelite indeed, in whom there is no deceit!” Nathanael said to Him, “How do You know me?” Jesus answered and said to him, “Before Philip called you, when you were under the fig tree, I saw you.””(John 1:47-48) We won’t go into other examples.

We have already said that Satan cannot predict, which means that he is not omniscient.  Let us now explain this from another angle. The Bible says in the Old Testament, “Now there was a day when the sons of God came to present themselves before the LORD, and Satan also came among them. The LORD said to Satan, “From where do you come?” Then Satan answered the LORD and said, “From roaming about on the earth and walking around on it.””(Job 1:6-7) Indeed, Satan can come to the space of God.  The Bible also says in the New Testament, “Be of sober spirit, be on the alert. Your adversary, the devil, prowls around like a roaring lion, seeking someone to devour.”(1 Peter 5:8) If Satan is omniscient, does he need to be roaming or prowling?  Here again we can see the consistency of the Bible, that is, what God tells us through the Bible is consistent, not literal.  If it means literal, then there will be an obvious contradiction in the text. When this happens, what we should ask is, through this seemingly obvious contradiction, what consistent thing is God trying to tell us.

Third, God is almighty, but Satan is not.  What Satan can do cannot go beyond what God allows. How can he be almighty?  The Bible directly says that God is the Almighty God. For example, in this verse, “Now when Abram was ninety-nine years old, the LORD appeared to Abram and said to him, “I am God Almighty; Walk before Me, and be blameless.”(Genesis 17:1)

Here we need to define ‘Almighty’, because many people think that He can do whatever He wants. But this is not the case!  Taking lying as an example, we know that “You are of your father the devil, and you want to do the desires of your father. He (Satan) was a murderer from the beginning, and does not stand in the truth because there is no truth in him. Whenever he speaks a lie, he speaks from his own nature, for he is a liar and the father of lies.”(John 8:44) So lies come from Satan and are not created by God.  God is faithful, He cannot lie, because lies are not in Him, so how can He lie?  It can be seen that He cannot do everything. So what exactly is ‘Almighty’?  There are some things that do not exist for us but exist for Him. Take miracles as an example. He has absolute sovereignty and can perform miracles when He deems necessary. But we cannot do this. At most, we are just a channel for performing miracles, and the source still lies in Him.  For example, the Bible records that Paul was able to perform miracles only because he was a channel, and the source was the Triune God.  We see this because we will mention in the third paragraph ‘”The true meaning and purpose of prayer” later that Paul could not perform a miracle to have a thorn in his flesh taken away.  So ‘Almighty’ or so called ‘omnipotence’ means that He can do anything that exists in His eyes.  Therefore, we cannot say that asking Him to ‘create a stone in a three-dimensional space that He cannot move’, which is illogical and non-existent.

The Bible says, “Now to Him who is able to do far more abundantly beyond all that we ask or think, according to the power that works within us.” (Ephesians 3:20) If an example is given regarding what might happen today, and that example is something we can think about now, then the example must be wrong, because it is not something beyond what we can think about. In “1048 Power of Jesus and things beyond all that we ask or think – The image of Jesus (3),’ we give examples of what is called the things exceeding the things you can think. These examples mean that for the people at that time, it was more than they could think of. I won’t go into detail here since you can find them there.

2. The nature and examples of temptation

The essence of temptation is that Satan uses every means to make us fall before God so that he can accuse us.  The most famous example is probably the temptation that Jesus suffered after his baptism. At that time, “Jesus, full of the Holy Spirit, returned from the Jordan and was led around by the Spirit in the wilderness for forty days, being tempted by the devil. …”(Luke 4:1-2) This does not mean that the Holy Spirit cooperated with the devil. The Holy Spirit knew that Jesus would be subject to many temptations in his life. Since he was filled with the Holy Spirit after being baptized, it would be better to start the temptations that he would endure for the rest of his life at that time. That is why the Holy Spirit led Him into the wilderness.  We see that “When the devil had finished every temptation, he left Him until an opportune time.”(Luke 4:13) So, the devil left Him only temporarily.

There are only three things recorded about this temptation (see Luke 4:2-12). The first is to turn stones into food, and Jesus replied: “…It is written, ‘Man shall not live on bread alone.’”(Luke 4:4) It is true that we need food to live, but when Christians thank the Lord it is not only for the supply of earthly food, but also for spiritual food.  The second was to ask Jesus to bow down before him, and Jesus said: “…It is written, ‘You shall worship the Lord your God and serve Him only.’”(Luke 4:8) The third was to ask Him to jump from the top of the temple, and Jesus said to him: “…It is said, ‘You shall not put the Lord your God to the test.’”(Luke 4:12)

If you look at Matthew 4:1-11, you will know that the order of these three recorded temptations is different, so there seems to be an obvious contradiction!  But the temptation is said in the Synoptic Gospels to be after the baptism of Jesus, so the whole event mentioned here happened at a certain time which is consistent in the Synoptic Gospels. When Luke 1:3 says, “it seemed fitting for me as well, having investigated everything carefully from the beginning, to write it out for you in consecutive order, most excellent Theophilus.” Looking at these verses, we can see that what God tells us through the Bible is that the order here refers to the order of the entire event, and the Bible is consistent.

We also know that Jesus suffered many temptations in his life. The Bible clearly says, “For we do not have a high priest (Jesus Christ) who cannot sympathize with our weaknesses, but One who has been tempted in all things as we are, yet without sin.”(Hebrews 4:15) He was called Jesus when he was incarnate, and he was Christ when he was in heaven.  When He became flesh, He “…emptied Himself, taking the form of a bond-servant, and being made in the likeness of men.”(Philippians 2:7) He was conceived by the Holy Spirit (see Matthew 1:18-21). His whole life has nothing to do with sin, so He would say that the prince of this world has nothing in me.  (See John 14:30) “and He gave Him authority to execute judgment, because He is the Son of Man.”(John 5:27) Here we see that you can avoid sinning when you are tempted, one of which is clearly stated in the Bible, “Be angry, and yet do not sin; do not let the sun go down on your anger, and do not give the devil an opportunity.”(Ephesians 4:26-27) We can do this by not letting the sun go down on our anger.  In the New Testament era, we must submit to the leadership of the Holy Spirit. When we are sure that we are led by the Holy Spirit and obey, we will not leave room for the devil.

Another thing we might think of is the temptation of Job, who was really tempted by every temptation that Satan could use.  Let’s look at the first attack first (see Job 1:6-19), “…the LORD said to Satan, “Behold, all that he has is in your power, only do not put forth your hand on him.” So Satan departed from the presence of the LORD.”(Job 1:12) So Satan did not wait. He did it immediately, causing him to lose most of his property. Some disasters came from the human world, and some were supernatural. It also caused his seven children to die at the same time. But did Satan have good intentions in sparing his wife?  Job apparently passed the first attack, for ” Through all this Job did not sin nor did he blame God.”(Job 1:22)

So there was a second attack, in which, “So the LORD said to Satan, “Behold, he is in your power, only spare his life.” Then Satan went out from the presence of the LORD and smote Job with sore boils from the sole of his foot to the crown of his head.”(Job 2:6-7) There was another immediate attack, a personal attack, “Then his wife said to him, “Do you still hold fast your integrity? Curse God and die!””(Job 2:9) We saw that Satan left his wife behind so that the people closest to him would attack him, so we can see that Satan is really that bad!

Of course, it’s not just that, there are also attacks from his friends.  But in the ending we see, “The LORD restored the fortunes of Job when he prayed for his friends, and the LORD increased all that Job had twofold. …He had seven sons and three daughters.”(Job 42:10-13) Even though his friends attack him, he still prays for his friends first. This is consistent with God’s love, “We love, because He first loved us.”(1 John 4:19)

It was precisely due to the fact that Satan was so bad that he left Job’s wife behind, so they could have sons and daughters afterwards. This was obviously something Satan had not thought of in advance, and God is omniscient. Yes, He knew in advance that Satan would do this.  Let’s take a look at what happened. Except for sons and daughters, everything else has doubled. How could this be?  Doesn’t it clearly say that everything is doubled?  That is because humans and animals are different. After death, humans can go to Him. “Now He is not the God of the dead but of the living; for all live to Him.”(Luke 20:38) From the consistency of the Bible, we believe that the children who died have come to Him and live, so there are also twice as many children.

Let’s look at the role of his friends in the second attack. “Then they sat down on the ground with him for seven days and seven nights with no one speaking a word to him, for they saw that his pain was very great.”(Job 2:13) What good friends they were!  And from their conversation, we can know that they did not really understand Job, and their comfort turned into an attack, including a spiritual attack through the words of Eliphaz the Temanite.  For Eliphaz said,Now a word was brought to me stealthily, And my ear received a whisper of it. “Amid disquieting thoughts from the visions of the night, When deep sleep falls on men, Dread came upon me, and trembling, And made all my bones shake.”(Job 4:12-14) Let’s see that what he said was a mixture of right and wrong, just like Eve was tempted at that time, and the Holy Spirit does not make people afraid, etc., we clearly know this it is the work of Satan.  From here we can also see that Satan doesn’t attack immediately. He can wait, and will choose the time he thinks is best to attack. This also includes earthly attacks. It is not the first time. Wasn’t Job’s wife left behind in the first attack?

Finally, “…the LORD answered Job out of the whirlwind …”(Job 38:1). He did not directly answer Job’s question, but told Job some facts as an answer.  Job realized that it was impossible for him to do this. After hearing this, he repented and said, “I have heard of You by the hearing of the ear; But now my eye sees You; Therefore I retract, And I repent in dust and ashes.”(Job 42:5-6) Therefore, “…Job …was blameless (H8535), upright (H3477), fearing God and turning away from evil.”(Job 1:1) is from a human perspective.  It is clear that he was “turning away from evil.”(Job 1:1) From God’s point of view, he still had to repent and receive blessings, but before this blessing, he had to go through temptation to make sure that Job knew the self-righteousness resulting from his actions. “After this, Job lived 140 years, and saw his sons and his grandsons, four generations. And Job died, an old man and full of days.”(Job 42:16-17)

Isn’t this what the scripture says, “No temptation has overtaken you but such as is common to man; and God is faithful, who will not allow you to be tempted beyond what you are able, but with the temptation will provide the way of escape also, so that you will be able to endure it.”(1 Corinthians 10:13) If not through others, He will do something Himself when needed. Didn’t He answer Job in His own way in the whirlwind?  So as long as you are not asking for trouble, don’t worry about the suffering caused by temptation in your faith. You must know that God has promised that He will have His plan.  But know, “There is an appointed time for everything. And there is a time for every event under heaven⁠.”(Ecclesiastes 3:1) In due time He will work.

3. The true meaning and purpose of prayer

Some people say that prayer is about understanding God’s will. What’s more, some people teach that only what is obtained from supernatural thoughts is God’s will. This is different from the teaching of the Bible.  After Paul saw the great light, God asked Ananias (a man) to tell Paul something he should do (see Acts 9:10-18).  There are also teachings that it sounds right to only say what God wants you to say, but the prerequisite is that the person can completely distinguish whether it is from God, “…for even Satan disguises himself as an angel of light.”(2 Corinthians 11:14) Someone taught me this before. As a result, for many years I didn’t say a word during fellowship Bible studies because there was nothing God wanted me to say.  So far, I have never met such a person. I have only seen people who think they are like this. They do not abide by the teachings of the Bible. Especially the book of Revelation makes it very clear, “I testify to everyone who hears the words of the prophecy of this book: if anyone adds to them, God will add to him the plagues which are written in this book; and if anyone takes away from the words of the book of this prophecy, God will take away his part from the tree of life and from the holy city, which are written in this book.”(Revelation 22:18-19) The Book of Revelation cannot be added or subtracted from.

As we said before, when we can use the Bible as our absolute standard, it is quite easy to distinguish some heretical sects. For example, Mormons have another Book of Mormon, and Jehovah’s Witnesses do not believe that Jesus is a Trinity – one of the God, truly “…even denying the Master who bought them, bringing swift destruction upon themselves.”(2 Peter 2:1) Even if Satan’s messengers pretend to be angels of light to make it difficult to discern, as long as we are very careful to make sure it is the leading of the Holy Spirit and rely on the Holy Spirit, we can still discern.

Then some people will say that once we clearly understand God’s will, even if it is different from what we think, we must do it exactly according to God’s will. Isn’t that the same as Abraham sacrificing Isaac?  Let’s look at another example from Paul. He said, “Because of the surpassing greatness of the revelations, for this reason, to keep me from exalting myself, there was given me a thorn in the flesh, a messenger of Satan to torment me⁠—to keep me from exalting myself! Concerning this I implored the Lord three times that it might leave me. And He has said to me, “My grace is sufficient for you, for power is perfected in weakness.” Most gladly, therefore, I will rather boast about my weaknesses, so that the power of Christ may dwell in me.”(2 Corinthians 12:7-9) Didn’t he stop praying after he prayed three times and became convinced that it was God’s will?

So one shouldn’t try to change God’s will, right?  This is true most of the time, but according to the Bible, not all the time.  Let’s look at an example from the book of Amos. “Thus the Lord GOD showed me, and behold, He was forming a locust-swarm when the spring crop began to sprout. And behold, the spring crop was after the king’s mowing. And it came about, when it had finished eating the vegetation of the land, that I said,

“Lord GOD, please pardon! How can Jacob stand, For he is small?” The LORD changed His mind about this. “It shall not be,” said the LORD. Thus the Lord GOD showed me, and behold, the Lord GOD was calling to contend with them by fire, and it consumed the great deep and began to consume the farm land. Then I said“Lord GOD, please stop! How can Jacob stand, for he is small?” The LORD changed His mind about this. “This too shall not be,” said the Lord GOD.”(Amos 7:1 – 6)

God originally planned to bring disaster to the Israelites, but because of Amos’ intercession, God changed his mind.  If you just blindly follow God’s will without discerning it, there will be no forgiveness from Him! But there are some things related to the yardstick that God will not change, because Amos said again, He showed me another thing: There was a wall built according to the yardstick, and the Lord stood on it with the yardstick in his hand. The LORD said to me, “Amos, what do you see?” I said, “You see a line.” The Lord said, “I will raise a line in the midst of my people Israel, and I will not forgive them anymore. The high places of Isaac.” The altar will be desolate, and the sanctuary of Israel will be desolate. I will rise up with a sword against the house of Jeroboam.”(Amos 7:7-9)

Let us now take a look at this verse, “…And it was displeasing in His sight that there was no justice. And He saw that there was no man, And was astonished that there was no one to intercede; …”(Isaiah 59:15-16) So we see that He hopes for someone to intercede, and when intercession is right like Amos, His mercy and grace will cause Him to change His mind, since “…Lovingkindness and truth go before You.”(Psalm 89:14) But He mentioned more than once, “…Righteousness and justice are the foundation of His throne.”(Psalm 97:2) He longs for intercession. As long as it does not damage His foundation, He may change his mind because He uses a feedback strategy.  As the book of Ezekiel says, “When the righteous turns from his righteousness and commits iniquity, then he shall die in it. But when the wicked turns from his wickedness and practices justice and righteousness, he will live by them.”(Ezekiel 33:18-19) Depending on how people respond, He will do something accordingly.  Therefore, the purpose of prayer is not only to know God’s will, but also to use the Bible as the absolute standard to discern whether it is something that God may change his mind about. 

Of course, there are things that God will not change. To give another example that He will not change, when Abraham was bargaining with the Lord to ask Him to forgive Sodom, “So the LORD said, “If I find in Sodom fifty righteous within the city, then I will spare the whole place on their account.””(Genesis 18:26) Finally, “Then he (Abraham) said, “Oh may the Lord not be angry, and I shall speak only this once; suppose ten are found there?” And He said, “I will not destroy it on account of the ten.””(Genesis 18:32) “As soon as He had finished speaking to Abraham the LORD departed, …”(Genesis 18: 33) Abraham was not given another chance to continue because “Now the men of Sodom were wicked exceedingly and sinners against the LORD.”(Genesis 13:13) At the same time, Abraham should be very satisfied. From fifty righteous people down to ten righteous people, he just didn’t expect that there was only one righteous person ‘Lot’ (see 2 Peter 2:7-8)

The conclusion is very simple. The true meaning and purpose of prayer is as follows. First of all, it is to understand God’s will. If it is something that God may change his mind about, we must intercede. God has absolute sovereignty. Intercession will be permitted or not, it solely depends on Him, but we must do our duty – intercession.  If not, even if it is different from what you think, you must obey.

(Verses refer to those in NASB unless otherwise specified.)

(You can get all articles in “https://a-christian-voice.com/” under “On spiritual understanding about life.”)

2077 耶穌及大衞,法利賽人,和十一奉獻 -耶穌(30) (旋風著)

              我們首先看耶穌和大衞的關係,在肉體上耶穌是大衞的子孫,而耶穌基督是三位一體的神中的一位,當然是大衞的主。第二、我們談到了法利賽人的行為,是能說而不能做。第三、我們看到了寡婦兩個小錢的奉獻為耶穌所稱讚,且說明為什麼說新約中沒有十一奉獻的律法要求,而只談到了甘心情願的奉獻。在這點上,我們首先看到舊約有超過了十分之一的奉獻的教導,因有十一奉獻加上獻祭。我們舉例說明這樣的奉獻絕對會使神家有糧,其實舊約從摩西建會幕時就說要有甘心情願的奉獻才會被悅納。新約的時代已經不再獻祭,那麼我們還有十一奉獻的律法嗎?沒有。我們從三方面來說明這問題。首先我們看到耶穌在新約的自己都是守安息日的真締,而最討厭守文字上的律法,耶穌怎麼會說要有十一奉獻的律法呢?第二,在新約中我們是不要消滅聖靈的感動,這樣就自然而然的成就了律法,神是信實的,從神藉著聖經告訴我們是一致的來看,怎麼會有文字上的律法呢?第三,從個人的經驗(見証)看,神是知道有些人跟本沒辦法有能力做十一的奉獻,不會悅納守律法的十一奉獻的,其實神是看人內心不是看外表,祂知道一個愛主的人會在能力所及下,儘可能會使神家有糧!我們也談了兩個在新約中還可能提到關於十一奉獻的問題。結論是要時時儆醒,要以聖經作為我們分辨的絕對標準,確定不是撒但的差役裝作光明的天使。神是信實的,聖經中神所預言的事情,沒有不發生的。

1. 耶穌和大衞的關係

          『耶穌對他們說:「人怎麼說基督是大衞的子孫呢?詩篇上大衞自己說:『主對我主說:你坐在我的右邊,等我使你仇敵作你的腳凳。』大衞既稱他為主,他怎麼又是大衞的子孫呢?」』(路加福音 20:41-44)

        看樣子是很矛盾!這是引用詩篇,『耶和華對我主說:「你坐在我的右邊,等我使你仇敵作你的腳凳。」』(詩篇 110:1) 現在我們已知道,耶穌是聖靈感孕而生,但在肉體上是大衞的子孫,而耶穌是三位一體的神中的一位,當然是大衞的主。誠然,那時的他們怎麼能瞭解而回答呢?同樣的一件事情記載在馬太福音 22:41-45,並加上了一句,『他們沒有一個人能回答一言。從那日以後也沒有人敢再問他甚麼。』(馬太福音 22:46) 當然沒有人敢問他甚麼,回答不出祂的問題嘛!怕被問倒。同樣一件事情也記載在馬可福音 12:35-37,並在使徒行傳 2:34-35 提到。

2. 法利賽人和文士的行為

             『眾百姓聽的時候,耶穌對門徒說:「你們要防備文士。他們好穿長衣遊行,喜愛人在街市上問他們安,又喜愛會堂裏的高位,筵席上的首座;他們侵吞寡婦的家產,假意作很長的禱告。這些人要受更重的刑罰!」』(路加福音 20:45-47)

             類似的經文在馬可福音 12:38-40 提到,在馬太福音 23:1-7 也提到,且特別的『說:「文士和法利賽人坐在摩西的位上,凡他們所吩咐你們的,你們都要謹守遵行;但不要效法他們的行為,因為他們能說不能行。』(馬太福音 23:2-3) 其實許多是他們訂的條文,聖經並沒有講,如耶穌說,『「你們是離棄神的誡命,拘守人的遺傳。」又說:「你們誠然是廢棄神的誡命,要守自己的遺傳。摩西說:『當孝敬父母』,又說:『咒罵父母的,必治死他。』你們倒說:『人若對父母說:我所當奉給你的,已經作了各耳板』(各耳板就是供獻的意思),以後你們就不容他再奉養父母。這就是你們承接遺傳,廢了神的道。你們還做許多這樣的事。」』(馬可福音 7:8-13) 。我們以前在「2061 約拿的預表, 眼睛, 和法利賽人及律法師的禍  -耶穌(16)」中談到耶穌對法利賽的審判相當的詳細,就不多說了。

3. 寡婦的兩個小錢和十一奉獻

             『耶穌抬頭觀看,見財主把捐項投在庫裏,又見一個窮寡婦投了兩個小錢,就說:「我實在告訴你們:這窮寡婦所投的比眾人還多,因為眾人都是自己有餘,拿出來投在捐項裏;但這寡婦是自己不足,把她一切養生的都投上了。」』(路加福音 21:1-4)

             同樣的一件事在馬可福音 12:41-44 也有記載。我們以前說過,如果這寡婦常常奉獻而每一次都把一切養生之物都投上了,大概是很難生存的,但不論如何,我們都可以看見她是甘心情願的,難怪主耶穌會稱讚她。在新約中,對奉獻而言,耶穌在新約中唯一的稱讚的就是那窮寡婦甘心樂意的奉獻,我們可以從三方面看,在新約中沒有提到說要十一的奉獻。

    先看舊約有十一奉獻和獻祭的教導,這可以從下列經文看出,『「人豈可奪取神之物呢?你們竟奪取我的供物。 「你們卻說:『我們在何事上奪取你的供物呢?』 「就是你們在當納的十分之一和當獻的供物上。」』(瑪拉基書 3:8) 加起來是超過十分之一的。

    我們也看到這樣的奉獻足夠使神家有糧,就如經文所說,『(希西家)諭旨一出,以色列人就把初熟的五穀、新酒、油、蜜和田地的出產多多送來,又把各物的十分之一送來的極多。住猶大各城的以色列人和猶大人,也將牛羊的十分之一,並分別為聖歸耶和華他們神之物,就是十分取一之物,盡都送來積成堆壘。…希西家和眾首領來,看見堆壘,就稱頌耶和華,又為耶和華的民以色列人祝福。希西家向祭司利未人查問這堆壘。撒督家的大祭司亞撒利雅回答說:「自從民將供物送到耶和華殿以來,我們不但吃飽,且剩下的甚多。因為耶和華賜福與他的民,所剩下的才這樣豐盛。」』(歷代志下 31:5-10) 

    附帶一提的是這些經文中提到了諭旨,但我們從聖經中就可看到,他的兒子瑪拿西就不這樣行,所以這樣的事情一定要民眾主動的甘心樂意發起,要不很容易會是人在政在,人亡政亡。後來的約西亞也是這樣,他死後,他所做的事情也消失了。聖經說得很清楚,自己要為自己做的事負責,救恩就像這一樣,不可能由父母傳到兒女身上,各人要選擇相信才行

    其實舊約一開始就說到要甘心樂意的奉獻才會被悅納,在建立會幕時,『耶和華曉諭摩西說:「你告訴以色列人當為我送禮物來,凡甘心樂意的,你們就可以收下歸我。」』(出埃及記 25:1-2) 我們也看到當時的以色列人是多麼的熱心,因為最後是,『凡做聖所一切工的智慧人,各都離開他所做的工,來對摩西說:「百姓為耶和華吩咐使用之工所拿來的,富富有餘。」摩西傳命,他們就在全營中宣告說:「無論男女,不必再為聖所拿甚麼禮物來。」這樣才攔住百姓不再拿禮物來。因為他們所有的材料夠做一切當做的物,而且有餘。』(出埃及記 36:4-7)

          新約時代已不要獻祭,因『他(耶穌基督)為我們的罪作了挽回祭,不是單為我們的罪,也是為普天下人的罪。』(約翰一書 2:1-2) 就神藉著聖經告訴我們是一致上,不會再有十一奉獻的律法,愛主的人會自然而然的想要神家有糧,自然會以能力所及的,甘心樂意的有超過十一的奉獻。我知道奉獻最多的是超過百分之四十的一位姊妹的家,她不是藉此誇耀,超過百分之二十就已經很難得了,如果要跨耀的話不需要超過百分之四十。因為她前一年報稅時正好才發覺出了問題,她才知道她奉獻的非盈利機構只能報稅到百分之四十,要告訴我們是有上限的,所以我知道她們超過了百分之四十。後來我在網上查到,上限最高的為教會,到百分之五十。

          有人說,如果我們看馬太福音就會說到要有十一奉獻,『經文士和法利賽人哪,你們這些偽善的人有禍了!因為你們奉獻薄荷、蒔蘿、香芹的十分之一,卻放棄了律法上更重要的:就是公義、憐憫、信實。這些才是你們應該做的,至於前者也不可放棄。』(中文標準譯本,馬太福音 23:23) 如果我們看這個譯本,的確是說,前者的十一奉獻也要做。但如果我們回到和合本的翻譯,就是這樣說,『你們這假冒為善的文士和法利賽人有禍了!因為你們將薄荷、茴香、芹菜獻上十分之一,那律法上更重的事,就是公義、憐憫、信實,反倒不行了。這更重的是你們當行的,那也是不可不行的。』(和合本, 馬太福音 23:23) 這更重的公義、憐憫、信實確實是不可不行的。但從我所知道在網上 https://www.biblegateway.com/ 的 52 英文譯本都基本上和中文標準譯本相同,耶穌告訴在舊約時代的文士和法利賽人要守十一奉獻,那在新約時代的我們到底該怎麼做呢?

       首先,我們看到耶穌並沒有說在新約時代的我們要守十一奉獻的律法,耶穌自己最討厭的是遵守文字上的律法,祂自己也是在守安息日的真諦,不是守律法上文字所訂的時間,在新約中怎麼會有十一奉獻的律法呢!

       第二,我們從神藉著聖經告訴我們是一致的來看,也就是這裏講的不是文字上的聖經的一致性。如果必須要文字上的,你會發覺相當多文字上明顯的矛盾,但從前者的角度看,就沒有問題。那麼在新約應該怎麼做呢?就是『不要消滅聖靈的感動,』(帖撒羅尼迦前書 5:19) 當我們確定不是邪靈裝作光明的天使時,我們就是從神的角度看,因為聖靈是三位一體神中的一位,這樣就自然而然的遵行了律法,所以會說,『莫想我來要廢掉律法和先知;我來不是要廢掉,乃是要成全。我實在告訴你們:就是到天地都廢去了,律法的一點一畫也不能廢去,都要成全。』(馬太福音 5:17-18) 祂沒有遵守文字上律法的安息日,但作我們的榜像,遵守了安息日的真諦。我們剛才談過,一個愛主的人,自然會希望神家有糧,在能力的所及之下,會有超過十一的奉獻。但這並不是說,奉獻不到十一就不蒙悅納,因為就像耶和華對撒母耳說的一樣:『…耶和華不像人看人:人是看外貌,耶和華是看內心。』(撒母耳記上 16:7) 神知道有些人的力量是沒辦法奉獻十分之一的。而且,『…一生的果效,是由心發出。』(箴言 4:23)

       第三,從個人的經驗中,也看到了神不會悅納守律法的十一奉獻。關於這點,我可以做一個簡短的見証。我原先相信每個人都要十一奉獻,因為我理解我過去的教導就是如此!約至少十幾年前吧,我心中被激動要做十一奉獻,但我們的經濟情況不允許我們這樣做,就決定要把大房子換成較小的,心想這樣就可以有十一奉獻了!當然我的姊妹一開始不同意,最後她同意了,這實在非常不容易。於是我們就找了一個中介去看房子,一連看了三個房子,發覺那時的房價跟本沒辦法做到十一奉獻,房子雖然變小了,但是買新房子稅增加了,大房子的價錢卻不是這麼高,只是徒然把大房子換成小房子,只好作罷!這個中介雖不是基督徒,不是以買掉房子賺錢為唯一的目的,最後他和太太來勸我們不要賣房子,會划不來,那時他們並不知道我們已決定不賣房子了。所以從人的角度看他是很好的,會為顧客著想,真希望他們能有一天信主,因『…不信的人,罪已經定了,因為他不信神獨生子的名。』(約翰福音 3:18)

    我自己一直都沒有意識到我們有經濟上的需要,一直到岳母去世後的多年前,我的姊妹才告訴我每次她回去看她媽媽時,岳母都塞給她一些錢,都補貼家用了!她以前沒告訴我,因想我不會接受,所以對我而言,『…你們需用的這一切東西,你們的天父是知道的。』(馬太福音 6:32) 我不知道,但神都知道,這次是藉著我太太和岳母使我經歷了這經文,你們也可看見做我太太是很不容易的。

          我們再談一下在新約中可能提到的問題,我們先看這經文,『論到為聖徒捐錢,我從前怎樣吩咐加拉太的眾教會,你們也當怎樣行。每逢七日的第一日,各人要照自己的進項抽出來留着,免得我來的時候現湊。』(哥林多前書 16:1-2) 再看看剛才我們提到的那時法利賽人的教導是要奉獻十分之一,耶穌不是在舊約的時代,『說:「文士和法利賽人坐在摩西的位上,凡他們所吩咐你們的,你們都要謹守遵行…』(馬太福音 23:2-3) 嗎?所以保羅不需要說大家都應該知道要奉獻在十分之一以上。這不是說每一個人都要至少奉獻十分之一嗎?但我們知道那時的保羅是在新約時代,而且他說的很清楚,他所得到的,『…不是從人領受的,也不是人教導我的,乃是從耶穌基督啓示來的。』(加拉太書 1:12) 他也去了耶路撒冷,確定了和使徒們是在傳同一個福音,所以不論是親見跟過耶穌的使徒們,或是由啓示而來的保羅,都是傳一樣的,我們也看到要得到生命最快也是要三年多,不是一信就立刻就會有的。就像我們剛才所說,耶穌自己都是在守安息日的真諦,不是在守文字上的律法,你想保羅會加給我們十分之一奉獻的律法嗎?

          可能又有人會問,難道不是,『地上所有的,無論是地上的種子是樹上的果子,十分之一是耶和華的,是歸給耶和華為聖的。』(利未記 27:30) 這句話從來沒有收回?難道我們不是要將耶和華的歸給祂嗎?但耶和華也說得很清楚,『…全地都是我的。』(出埃及記 19:5-6) 難道我們要將所有的都歸給耶和華嗎?不是的。在新約中,難道我們每個人都要像耶穌呼召那少年官時說得一樣嗎?那時『耶穌說:「你若願意作完全人,可去變賣你所有的,分給窮人,就必有財寶在天上;你還要來跟從我。」』(馬太福音 19:21)  難道每一個人都該變賣所有的嗎?不是的,如果這是律法,我們就會得到錯誤的結論說,亞伯拉罕是不會進天國的,因神的祝福,他的產業很多。我們看到,『 那少年人聽見這話,就憂憂愁愁地走了,因為他的產業很多。』(馬太福音 19:22) 我們看前後文就知道,這帶出了『…財主進天國是難的。』(馬太福音 19:23) 但『…在神凡事都能!』(馬太福音 19:26) 這是一個特例,說到耶穌是如何的呼召那少年人,給他一個機會,且不干涉他自由意志的決定,並不是一般的例子,說是每一個人都該要這樣做。其實和當初亞當和夏娃在伊甸園一樣,神給也了他們一個機會。

    說到特例和一般的例子,也可以從以前談過的要不要受洗作例子,我們不能以和耶穌同釘十字架強盜中的一位作藉口不受洗,他不受洗就直接上樂園了。他是特例,我們和他的情況不同。在一般情況下,我們是要跟隨耶穌的榜樣受洗的。回到本題,在新約中,沒有說每個人都要有十一奉獻的律法的!

       最後談到一個可能常常聽到的見証,就是說在禱告中預先就知道事情會如何發生,以後發生的的事情就和預先知道的一模一樣,但有時事情的發生不同,甚至於會完全相反!人們容易以為超自然的事情都是從神來的,其實不是,在約伯記中就說得很清楚,我也可以在以後有適當的機會做這方面的見証。結論是我們要時時儆醒,要以聖經作為我們絕對的標準作分辨,確定不是『…撒但…裝作光明的天使。』(哥林多後書 11:14) 聖經中神所預言的事情,沒有不發生的。

    關於以聖經作為絕對的標準作分辨的例子上,我可以用一個發生的事情作為例子。在最近的網上查經中,一次有位姊妹很高興的說到她知道一個人見過耶和華的面,我實忍不住要問這人是死是活,她很高興的說,這人是活著的。我只好告訴她,『耶和華(對摩西)說:…「你不能看見我的面,因為人見我的面不能存活。」』(出埃及記 33:19-20) 我不知他到底是看見了什麼?於是她引用了類似這經文,『所以,憑着他們的果子,就可以認出他們來。』(馬太福音 7:20) 並說,那人見過耶和華的面後就很熱心。即使這樣,『這也不足為怪,因為連撒但也裝作光明的天使。所以,他的差役若裝作仁義的差役,也不算希奇。…』(哥林多後書 11:14-15) 撒但的差役也會裝著光明的天使的,通常這樣都不會長久,只是有時要蓋棺才能論定

(你可以在『 https://a-christian-voice.com/ 』看到所有的文章,到這網站後要按『對屬靈生命的瞭解』。)

3077 耶稣及大卫,法利赛人,和十一奉献 -耶稣(30) (旋风著)

    我们首先看耶稣和大卫的关系,在肉体上耶稣是大卫的子孙,而耶稣基督是三位一体的神中的一位,当然是大卫的主。第二、我们谈到了法利赛人的行为,是能说而不能做。第三、我们看到了寡妇两个小钱的奉献为耶稣所称赞,且说明为什么说新约中没有十一奉献的律法要求,而只谈到了甘心情愿的奉献。在这点上,我们首先看到旧约有超过了十分之一的奉献的教导,因有十一奉献加上献祭。我们举例说明这样的奉献绝对会使神家有粮,其实旧约从摩西建会幕时就说要有甘心情愿的奉献才会被悦纳。新约的时代已经不再献祭,那么我们还有十一奉献的律法吗?没有。我们从三方面来说明这问题。首先我们看到耶稣在新约的自己都是守安息日的真缔,而最讨厌守文字上的律法,耶稣怎么会说要有十一奉献的律法呢?第二,在新约中我们是不要消灭圣灵的感动,这样就自然而然的成就了律法,神是信实的,从神借著圣经告诉我们是一致的来看,怎么会有文字上的律法呢?第三,从个人的经验(见证)看,神是知道有些人跟本没办法有能力做十一的奉献,不会悦纳守律法的十一奉献的,其实神是看人内心不是看外表,祂知道一个爱主的人会在能力所及下,尽可能会使神家有粮!我们也谈了两个在新约中还可能提到关于十一奉献的问题。结论是要时时儆醒,要以圣经作为我们分辩的绝对标准,确定不是撒但的差役装作光明的天使。神是信实的,圣经中神所预言的事情,没有不发生的。

1. 耶稣和大卫的关系          

    『耶稣对他们说:「人怎么说基督是大卫的子孙呢?诗篇上大卫自己说:『主对我主说:你坐在我的右边,等我使你仇敌作你的脚凳。』大卫既称他为主,他怎么又是大卫的子孙呢?」』(路加福音 20:41-44)        

    看样子是很矛盾!这是引用诗篇,『耶和华对我主说:「你坐在我的右边,等我使你仇敌作你的脚凳。」』(诗篇 110:1) 现在我们已知道,耶稣是圣灵感孕而生,但在肉体上是大卫的子孙,而耶稣是三位一体的神中的一位,当然是大卫的主。诚然,那时的他们怎么能了解而回答呢?同样的一件事情记载在马太福音 22:41-45,并加上了一句,『他们没有一个人能回答一言。从那日以后也没有人敢再问他甚么。』(马太福音 22:46) 当然没有人敢问他甚么,回答不出祂的问题嘛!怕被问倒。同样一件事情也记载在马可福音 12:35-37,并在使徒行传 2:34-35 提到。

2. 法利赛人和文士的行为             

    『众百姓听的时候,耶稣对门徒说:「你们要防备文士。他们好穿长衣游行,喜爱人在街市上问他们安,又喜爱会堂里的高位,筵席上的首座;他们侵吞寡妇的家产,假意作很长的祷告。这些人要受更重的刑罚!」』(路加福音 20:45-47)             

    类似的经文在马可福音 12:38-40 提到,在马太福音 23:1-7 也提到,且特别的『说:「文士和法利赛人坐在摩西的位上,凡他们所吩咐你们的,你们都要谨守遵行;但不要效法他们的行为,因为他们能说不能行。』(马太福音 23:2-3) 其实许多是他们订的条文,圣经并没有讲,如耶稣说,『「你们是离弃神的诫命,拘守人的遗传。」又说:「你们诚然是废弃神的诫命,要守自己的遗传。摩西说:『当孝敬父母』,又说:『咒骂父母的,必治死他。』你们倒说:『人若对父母说:我所当奉给你的,已经作了各耳板』(各耳板就是供献的意思),以后你们就不容他再奉养父母。这就是你们承接遗传,废了神的道。你们还做许多这样的事。」』(马可福音 7:8-13) 。我们以前在「2061 约拿的预表, 眼睛, 和法利赛人及律法师的祸  –耶稣(16)」中谈到耶稣对法利赛的审判相当的详细,就不多说了。

3. 寡妇的两个小钱和十一奉献             

    『耶稣抬头观看,见财主把捐项投在库里,又见一个穷寡妇投了两个小钱,就说:「我实在告诉你们:这穷寡妇所投的比众人还多,因为众人都是自己有余,拿出来投在捐项里;但这寡妇是自己不足,把她一切养生的都投上了。」』(路加福音 21:1-4)            

    同样的一件事在马可福音 12:41-44 也有记载。我们以前说过,如果这寡妇常常奉献而每一次都把一切养生之物都投上了,大概是很难生存的,但不论如何,我们都可以看见她是甘心情愿的,难怪主耶稣会称赞她。在新约中,对奉献而言,耶稣在新约中唯一的称赞的就是那穷寡妇甘心乐意的奉献,我们可以从三方面看,在新约中没有提到说要十一的奉献。    

    先看旧约有十一奉献和献祭的教导,这可以从下列经文看出,『「人岂可夺取神之物呢?你们竟夺取我的供物。 「你们却说:『我们在何事上夺取你的供物呢?』 「就是你们在当纳的十分之一和当献的供物上。」』(玛拉基书 3:8) 加起来是超过十分之一的。    

    我们也看到这样的奉献足够使神家有粮,就如经文所说,『(希西家)谕旨一出,以色列人就把初熟的五谷、新酒、油、蜜和田地的出产多多送来,又把各物的十分之一送来的极多。住犹大各城的以色列人和犹大人,也将牛羊的十分之一,并分别为圣归耶和华他们神之物,就是十分取一之物,尽都送来积成堆垒。希西家和众首领来,看见堆垒,就称颂耶和华,又为耶和华的民以色列人祝福。希西家向祭司利未人查问这堆垒。撒督家的大祭司亚撒利雅回答说:「自从民将供物送到耶和华殿以来,我们不但吃饱,且剩下的甚多。因为耶和华赐福与他的民,所剩下的才这样丰盛。」』(历代志下 31:5-10)    

    附带一提的是这些经文中提到了谕旨,但我们从圣经中就可看到,他的儿子玛拿西就不这样行,所以这样的事情一定要民众主动的甘心乐意发起,要不很容易会是人在政在,人亡政亡。后来的约西亚也是这样,他死后,他所做的事情也消失了。圣经说得很清楚,自己要为自己做的事负责,救恩就像这一样,不可能由父母传到儿女身上,各人要选择相信才行。    

    其实旧约一开始就说到要甘心乐意的奉献才会被悦纳,在建立会幕时,『耶和华晓谕摩西说:「你告诉以色列人当为我送礼物来,凡甘心乐意的,你们就可以收下归我。」』(出埃及记 25:1-2) 我们也看到当时的以色列人是多么的热心,因为最后是,『凡做圣所一切工的智慧人,各都离开他所做的工,来对摩西说:「百姓为耶和华吩咐使用之工所拿来的,富富有余。」摩西传命,他们就在全营中宣告说:「无论男女,不必再为圣所拿甚么礼物来。」这样才拦住百姓不再拿礼物来。因为他们所有的材料够做一切当做的物,而且有余。』(出埃及记 36:4-7)          

    新约时代已不要献祭,因『他(耶稣基督)为我们的罪作了挽回祭,不是单为我们的罪,也是为普天下人的罪。』(约翰一书 2:1-2) 就神借著圣经告诉我们是一致上,不会再有十一奉献的律法,爱主的人会自然而然的想要神家有粮,自然会以能力所及的,甘心乐意的有超过十一的奉献。我知道奉献最多的是超过百分之四十的一位姊妹的家,她不是借此夸耀,超过百分之二十就已经很难得了,如果要跨耀的话不需要超过百分之四十。因为她前一年报税时正好才发觉出了问题,她才知道她奉献的非盈利机构只能报税到百分之四十,要告诉我们是有上限的,所以我知道她们超过了百分之四十。后来我在网上查到,上限最高的为教会,到百分之五十。          

    有人说,如果我们看马太福音就会说到要有十一奉献,『经文士和法利赛人哪,你们这些伪善的人有祸了!因为你们奉献薄荷、莳萝、香芹的十分之一,却放弃了律法上更重要的:就是公义、怜悯、信实。这些才是你们应该做的,至于前者也不可放弃。』(中文标准译本,马太福音 23:23) 如果我们看这个译本,的确是说,前者的十一奉献也要做。但如果我们回到和合本的翻译,就是这样说,『你们这假冒为善的文士和法利赛人有祸了!因为你们将薄荷、茴香、芹菜献上十分之一,那律法上更重的事,就是公义、怜悯、信实,反倒不行了。这更重的是你们当行的,那也是不可不行的。』(和合本, 马太福音 23:23) 这更重的公义、怜悯、信实确实是不可不行的。但从我所知道在网上 https://www.biblegateway.com/ 52 英文译本都基本上和中文标准译本相同,耶稣告诉在旧约时代的文士和法利赛人要守十一奉献,那在新约时代的我们到底该怎么做呢?       

    首先,我们看到耶稣并没有说在新约时代的我们要守十一奉献的律法,耶稣自己最讨厌的是遵守文字上的律法,祂自己也是在守安息日的真谛,不是守律法上文字所订的时间,在新约中怎么会有十一奉献的律法呢!       

    第二,我们从神借著圣经告诉我们是一致的来看,也就是这里讲的不是文字上的圣经的一致性。如果必须要文字上的,你会发觉相当多文字上明显的矛盾,但从前者的角度看,就没有问题。那么在新约应该怎么做呢?就是『不要消灭圣灵的感动,』(帖撒罗尼迦前书 5:19) 当我们确定不是邪灵装作光明的天使时,我们就是从神的角度看,因为圣灵是三位一体神中的一位,这样就自然而然的遵行了律法,所以会说,『莫想我来要废掉律法和先知;我来不是要废掉,乃是要成全。我实在告诉你们:就是到天地都废去了,律法的一点一画也不能废去,都要成全。』(马太福音 5:17-18) 祂没有遵守文字上律法的安息日,但作我们的榜像,遵守了安息日的真谛。我们刚才谈过,一个爱主的人,自然会希望神家有粮,在能力的所及之下,会有超过十一的奉献。但这并不是说,奉献不到十一就不蒙悦纳,因为就像耶和华对撒母耳说的一样:『耶和华不像人看人:人是看外貌,耶和华是看内心。』(撒母耳记上 16:7) 神知道有些人的力量是没办法奉献十分之一的。而且,『一生的果效,是由心发出。』(箴言 4:23)       

    第三,从个人的经验中,也看到了神不会悦纳守律法的十一奉献。关于这点,我可以做一个简短的见证。我原先相信每个人都要十一奉献,因为我理解我过去的教导就是如此!约至少十几年前吧,我心中被激动要做十一奉献,但我们的经济情况不允许我们这样做,就决定要把大房子换成较小的,心想这样就可以有十一奉献了!当然我的姊妹一开始不同意,最后她同意了,这实在非常不容易。于是我们就找了一个中介去看房子,一连看了三个房子,发觉那时的房价跟本没办法做到十一奉献,房子虽然变小了,但是买新房子税增加了,大房子的价钱却不是这么高,只是徒然把大房子换成小房子,只好作罢!这个中介虽不是基督徒,不是以买掉房子赚钱为唯一的目的,最后他和太太来劝我们不要卖房子,会划不来,那时他们并不知道我们已决定不卖房子了。所以从人的角度看他是很好的,会为顾客著想,真希望他们能有一天信主,因『不信的人,罪已经定了,因为他不信神独生子的名。』(约翰福音 3:18)    

    我自己一直都没有意识到我们有经济上的需要,一直到岳母去世后的多年前,我的姊妹才告诉我每次她回去看她妈妈时,岳母都塞给她一些钱,都补贴家用了!她以前没告诉我,因想我不会接受,所以对我而言,『你们需用的这一切东西,你们的天父是知道的。』(马太福音 6:32) 我不知道,但神都知道,这次是借著我太太和岳母使我经历了这经文,你们也可看见做我太太是很不容易的。          

    我们再谈一下在新约中可能提到的问题,我们先看这经文,『论到为圣徒捐钱,我从前怎样吩咐加拉太的众教会,你们也当怎样行。每逢七日的第一日,各人要照自己的进项抽出来留著,免得我来的时候现凑。』(哥林多前书 16:1-2) 再看看刚才我们提到的那时法利赛人的教导是要奉献十分之一,耶稣不是在旧约的时代,『说:「文士和法利赛人坐在摩西的位上,凡他们所吩咐你们的,你们都要谨守遵行(马太福音 23:2-3) 吗?所以保罗不需要说大家都应该知道要奉献在十分之一以上。这不是说每一个人都要至少奉献十分之一吗?但我们知道那时的保罗是在新约时代,而且他说的很清楚,他所得到的,『不是从人领受的,也不是人教导我的,乃是从耶稣基督启示来的。』(加拉太书 1:12) 他也去了耶路撒冷,确定了和使徒们是在传同一个福音,所以不论是亲见跟过耶稣的使徒们,或是由启示而来的保罗,都是传一样的,我们也看到要得到生命最快也是要三年多,不是一信就立刻就会有的。就像我们刚才所说,耶稣自己都是在守安息日的真谛,不是在守文字上的律法,你想保罗会加给我们十分之一奉献的律法吗?          

    可能又有人会问,难道不是,『地上所有的,无论是地上的种子是树上的果子,十分之一是耶和华的,是归给耶和华为圣的。』(利未记 27:30) 这句话从来没有收回?难道我们不是要将耶和华的归给祂吗?但耶和华也说得很清楚,『全地都是我的。』(出埃及记 19:5-6) 难道我们要将所有的都归给耶和华吗?不是的。在新约中,难道我们每个人都要像耶稣呼召那少年官时说得一样吗?那时『耶稣说:「你若愿意作完全人,可去变卖你所有的,分给穷人,就必有财宝在天上;你还要来跟从我。」』(马太福音 19:21)  难道每一个人都该变卖所有的吗?不是的,如果这是律法,我们就会得到错误的结论说,亚伯拉罕是不会进天国的,因神的祝福,他的产业很多。我们看到,『 那少年人听见这话,就忧忧愁愁地走了,因为他的产业很多。』(马太福音 19:22) 我们看前后文就知道,这带出了『财主进天国是难的。』(马太福音 19:23) 但『在神凡事都能!』(马太福音 19:26) 这是一个特例,说到耶稣是如何的呼召那少年人,给他一个机会,且不干涉他自由意志的决定,并不是一般的例子,说是每一个人都该要这样做。其实和当初亚当和夏娃在伊甸园一样,神给也了他们一个机会。    

    说到特例和一般的例子,也可以从以前谈过的要不要受洗作例子,我们不能以和耶稣同钉十字架强盗中的一位作借口不受洗,他不受洗就直接上乐园了。他是特例,我们和他的情况不同。在一般情况下,我们是要跟随耶稣的榜样受洗的。回到本题,在新约中,没有说每个人都要有十一奉献的律法的!   

    最后谈到一个可能常常听到的见证,就是说在祷告中预先就知道事情会如何发生,以后发生的的事情就和预先知道的一模一样,但有时事情的发生不同,甚至于会完全相反!人们容易以为超自然的事情都是从神来的,其实不是,在约伯记中就说得很清楚,我也可以在以后有适当的机会做这方面的见证。结论是我们要时时儆醒,要以圣经作为我们绝对的标准作分辩,确定不是『撒但装作光明的天使。』(哥林多后书 11:14) 圣经中神所预言的事情,没有不发生的。    

    关于以圣经作为绝对的标准作分辩的例子上,我可以用一个发生的事情作为例子。在最近的网上查经中,一次有位姊妹很高兴的说到她知道一个人见过耶和华的面,我实忍不住要问这人是死是活,她很高兴的说,这人是活著的。我只好告诉她,『耶和华(对摩西)说:「你不能看见我的面,因为人见我的面不能存活。」』(出埃及记 33:19-20) 我不知他到底是看见了什么?于是她引用了类似这经文,『所以,凭著他们的果子,就可以认出他们来。』(马太福音 7:20) 并说,那人见过耶和华的面后就很热心。即使这样,『这也不足为怪,因为连撒但也装作光明的天使。所以,他的差役若装作仁义的差役,也不算希奇。(哥林多后书 11:14-15) 撒但的差役也会装著光明的天使的,通常这样都不会长久,只是有时要盖棺才能论定。

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